{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:14:15Z","timestamp":1773807255775,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Barcelona Institute of Analytic Philosophy","award":["CEX2021-001169-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2021-001169-M"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-119588GB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-119588GB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002809","name":"Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-SGR-00276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-SGR-00276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["2022NTCHYF_003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NTCHYF_003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P500PH_210771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P500PH_210771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We argue that political propaganda is a negative phenomenon, against a recent strain of philosophical theorizing that argues that political propaganda can sometimes be neutral or even positive. After an exploration of the sense and connotation of the word \u2018propaganda\u2019 in ordinary use and in the scholarly literature, we discuss Ross's initial account of propaganda as an epistemically defective form of political communication. We claim that, with some refinements, it is an explanatorily useful analysis. We then assess two prominent attempts that aim at classifying legitimate cases of public communication as cases of propaganda, namely Ross's revision of her previous model and Stanley's influential account. We show that some of the cases in contention are problematic and that the arguments the authors offer for classifying other non-problematic cases as propaganda are inconclusive. We also argue that the idea of considering legitimate public communication as propaganda is unmotivated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pq\/pqae048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T09:38:46Z","timestamp":1715852326000},"page":"1080-1102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The defectiveness of propaganda"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4925-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constant","family":"Bonard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Philosophy, University of Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0780-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Contesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano 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