{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:48:40Z","timestamp":1783608520139,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The definition of \u2018long-COVID syndrome\u2019 (LCS) is still debated and describes the persistence of symptoms after viral clearance in hospitalized or non-hospitalized patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, we examined the prevalence and the risk factors of LCS in a cohort of patients with previous COVID-19 and followed for at least 6 months of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a prospective study including all hospitalized patients affected by COVID-19 at our center of Infectious Diseases (Vercelli, Italy) admitted between 10 March 2020 and 15 January 2021 for at least 6 months after discharge. Two follow-up visits were performed: after 1 and 6 months after hospital discharge. Clinical, laboratory and radiological data were recorded at each visit.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 449 patients were included in the analysis. The LCS was diagnosed in 322 subjects at Visit 1 (71.7%) and in 206 at Visit 2 (45.9); according to the post-COVID-19 functional status scale we observed 147 patients with values 2\u20133 and 175 with values &amp;gt;3 at Visit 1; at Visit 2, 133 subjects had the score between 2\u20133 and 73\u2009&amp;gt;\u20093. In multivariate analysis, intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR\u2009=\u20092.551; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.998\u20136.819; P\u2009=\u20090.019), time of hospitalization (OR\u2009=\u20092.255; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.018\u20136.992; P\u2009=\u20090.016) and treatment with remdesivir (OR\u2009=\u20090.641; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.413\u20130.782; P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) were independent predictors of LCS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Treatment with remdesivir leads to a 35.9% reduction in LCS rate in follow-up. Severity of illness, need of ICU admission and length of hospital stay were factor associated with the persistence of PCS at 6 months of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T20:13:29Z","timestamp":1637266409000},"page":"865-871","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Risk factors and incidence of long-COVID syndrome in hospitalized patients: does remdesivir have a protective effect?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8326-4930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L","family":"Boglione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Translational Medicine (DiMET), University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Meli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Translational Medicine (DiMET), University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Poletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Rostagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Moglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Cantone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Scianguetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Domenicale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Di Pasquale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Borr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Saint Andrea Hospital, Vercelli, Italy 13100"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12839","article-title":"Pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review","volume":"324","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2010.01720.x","article-title":"The long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on pulmonary function, exercise capacity and health 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Incidence and risk factors: a Mediterranean cohort study","volume":"82","author":"Moreno-P\u00e9rez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052621","article-title":"Defining post-COVID Symptoms (post-acute COVID, long COVID, persistent post-COVID): an integrative classification","volume":"18","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-Las-Pe\u00f1as","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.05.002","article-title":"Immunology of COVID-19: current State of the Science","volume":"52","author":"Vabret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001494","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01494-2020","article-title":"The Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale: a tool to measure functional status over time after COVID-19","volume":"56","author":"Klok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.05.004","article-title":"Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: a narrative review","volume":"83","author":"Korompoki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2021.1924397","article-title":"Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome: putative pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments","volume":"53","author":"Yong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2022011215595696400_hcab297-B15","first-page":"100463","article-title":"Follow-up study of the pulmonary function and related physiological characteristics of COVID-19 survivors three months after recovery","volume":"25","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"E Clinical Medicine"}],"container-title":["QJM: An International Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab297\/41537478\/hcab297.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article-pdf\/114\/12\/865\/42113995\/hcab297.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article-pdf\/114\/12\/865\/42113995\/hcab297.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T16:02:21Z","timestamp":1642003341000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article\/114\/12\/865\/6443168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab297","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-2725","1460-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-2725","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]}}}