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In the ex situ translocated population at Tsavo East National Park, calf mortality and the critically low population numbers might suggest low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. Consequently, a genetic study of the wild population is pivotal to gain an understanding of diversity and differentiation within its range before designing future translocation plans to increase the genetic diversity of the ex situ population. For that purpose, we assessed 55 individuals collected across five localities in eastern Kenya, covering its entire natural range. We used the complete mitochondrial DNA control region and microsatellite genotyping to estimate genetic diversity and differentiation across its range. Nuclear genetic diversity was moderate in comparison to other endangered African antelopes, with no signals of inbreeding. However, the mitochondrial data showed low nucleotide diversity, few haplotypes and low haplotypic differentiation. Overall, the inferred low degree of genetic differentiation and population structure suggests a single population of hirola across the natural range. An overall stable population size was inferred over the recent history of the species, although signals of a recent genetic bottleneck were found. Our results show hope for ongoing conservation management programmes and that there is a future for the hirola in Kenya.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlz174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T20:10:10Z","timestamp":1576267810000},"page":"384-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Genetic diversity in natural range remnants of the critically endangered hirola antelope"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Michael Joseph","family":"Jowers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Queir\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Resende Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Abdullahi H","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA"},{"name":"National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya"},{"name":"Hirola Conservation Programme, Garissa, Kenya"}]},{"given":"Mathew","family":"Mutinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary and Capture Services, Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Angelone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies (IEU), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}]},{"given":"Paulo C\u00e9lio","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Godinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO\/InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020082006165603400_CIT0001","volume-title":"Range collapse, demography and conservation of the critically endangered hirola antelope in Kenya.","author":"Ali","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020082006165603400_CIT0002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lessons from the capture and collaring of the critically endangered hirola antelope in Ijara, Kenya; 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