{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:32:21Z","timestamp":1786120341396,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Scientific Societies","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024YFD1600600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD1600600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plant Disease"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mycocentrospora acerina is responsible for inducing severe leaf blight on Asarum heterotropoides. However, its poor sporulation under standard culture conditions significantly limits research on pathogenicity and disease management. This study aimed to develop an efficient high-yield and reproducible sporulation protocol by optimizing cultural conditions and nutritional factors. The results indicate that near-ultraviolet (near-UV) light serves as a critical inducer of sporulation for M. acerina. In contrast to the standard culture on potato dextrose agar medium at 20\u00b0C, where the pathogen fails to produce conidia, exposure to near-UV light effectively stimulated sporulation, yielding a relatively robust production of 1.37 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    conidia\/ml after 21 days. Furthermore, V8 medium provided the optimal substrate conditions, yielding 4.56 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    conidia\/ml under the same cultural conditions after 14 days, a value significantly higher than those on other tested media. The optimized protocol (near-UV light, V8 medium, 20\u00b0C, pH 7.0, 1 g\/liter of glucose, and 1 g\/liter of potassium nitrate) achieved a conidial yield of 1.0 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    conidia\/ml after 14 days. The conidia produced using the optimized sporulation protocol were morphologically identical to wild-type conidia and exhibited similar germination and pathogenicity. This established sporulation protocol provides vital materials for further studies, including infection, pathogenicity mechanism, and host\u2013pathogen interaction dynamics, and lays a theoretical basis for developing targeted strategies to control Asarum leaf blight.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1094\/pdis-10-25-2137-sr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T03:54:22Z","timestamp":1771386862000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment of an Efficient High-Yield Sporulation Protocol for\n                    <i>Mycocentrospora acerina<\/i>\n                    Causing Leaf Blight of\n                    <i>Asarum heterotropoides<\/i>\n                    var.\n                    <i>mandshuricum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1094","author":[{"given":"Yufan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meina","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zibo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7340-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cultivation and Identification of Medicinal Herbs, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingzi","family":"Piao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5459-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rujun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1665","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5598\/imafungus.2011.02.01.09"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42161-019-00404-5"},{"key":"b3","first-page":"27","volume":"32","author":"Dai L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Yunnan Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.)"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15572536.2006.11832671"},{"key":"b15","unstructured":"Fortes, J. F., and Pecknold, P. C. 1981. Evaluation of media for sporangial production and radial growth of\n                      Phytophthora cactorum\n                      . Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. 16:213-218."},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02068-07"},{"key":"b6","first-page":"24","author":"Fu J. F.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Plant Prot."},{"key":"b7","unstructured":"Fu, J. F., Wang, C. R., and Wu, Y. S. 1994. History and current status of research on the maple fungus. Pages 92\u201099 in:\n                      Mycocentrospora acerina\n                      (Hartig) Deighton. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China."},{"key":"b8","first-page":"175","author":"Fu J. F.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"b9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-8887-7"},{"key":"b10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22271\/chemi.2020.v8.i2z.9009"},{"key":"b11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.701067"},{"key":"b12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-05-14-0468-PDN"},{"key":"b13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR2015.7779"},{"key":"b14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2017.01.008"},{"key":"b16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-93-5-0481"},{"key":"b17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67648-2_21"},{"key":"b18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69767-8_4"},{"key":"b19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202100986"},{"key":"b20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/b62-016"},{"key":"b21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101301"},{"key":"b22","first-page":"12","volume":"1","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Breed."},{"key":"b23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.10.014"},{"key":"b24","first-page":"310","volume":"10","author":"Poletto T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"b25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-54052009000200007"},{"key":"b26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1982-56762010000400001"},{"key":"b27","first-page":"407","volume":"29","author":"Saha A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Biol."},{"key":"b28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR12.1308"},{"key":"b29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-05-18-0814-RE"},{"key":"b30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-06-10-0423"},{"key":"b31","unstructured":"Wang, C. R., Fu, J. F., and Wang, W. K. 1992. Pages 355\u2010356 in: New Disease of Honeysuckle - Asarum Leaf Blight Research Bulletin. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China."},{"key":"b32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-07266-7"},{"key":"b33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-48.4.316"},{"key":"b34","first-page":"23","volume":"34","author":"Wulandari N. F.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fungal Divers."},{"key":"b35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-01-22-0087-RE"}],"container-title":["Plant Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/apsjournals.apsnet.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1094\/PDIS-10-25-2137-SR","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T22:28:46Z","timestamp":1786055326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/apsjournals.apsnet.org\/doi\/10.1094\/PDIS-10-25-2137-SR"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.1094\/PDIS-10-25-2137-SR"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/pdis-10-25-2137-sr","relation":{},"ISSN":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0191-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7692","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"article-number":"PDIS-10-25-2137-SR"}}