{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:42:44Z","timestamp":1792741364342,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Scientific Societies","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plant Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Numerous genera of plant-parasitic nematodes are frequently present at high populations in golf course putting greens. The objectives of this research were to identify and quantify plant-parasitic nematodes from Oklahoma bentgrass putting greens and to characterize specific soil physical and chemical features and management factors that may account for differences in or associated with the observed nematode populations. In the fall of 2000, nematodes were identified from 99 individual bentgrass putting greens sampled from 46 different locations in Oklahoma. In addition to green age and bentgrass cultivar; soil pH, nitrate-nitrogen (NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-N), plant-available phosphorus and potassium, organic matter (OM), bulk density, and particle size distribution were determined for each green. Expenditures on management activities, including fertilizer, herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide, were determined for 20 of the sampled courses and compared with nematode populations. Nematodes from seven genera were found in Oklahoma greens, with Criconemella spp. being the most common. Paratrichodorus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. also were common. The logarithmic populations of all nematodes combined increased with greater green age (r = 0.37). A negative relationship was observed between soil bulk density and all nematodes combined (r = -0.29). Soil NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-N, plant-available K, and OM increased with combined logarithmic populations of all plant parasitic nematodes (r = 0.23, 0.28, and 0.37, respectively). A four-factor model accounted for 75% of the total variation in the data and permitted groupings of all variables into four uncorrelated factors. Total logarithmic nematode populations increased with fungicide and herbicide expenditures (r = 0.31). This study suggests that populations of plant-parasitic nematodes may be influenced by the putting green abiotic soil environment and possibly indirectly by management practices on putting greens. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1094\/pdis.2002.86.7.764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,11]],"date-time":"2007-05-11T10:16:59Z","timestamp":1178878619000},"page":"764-768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Factors Associated with Populations of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Bentgrass Putting Greens in Oklahoma"],"prefix":"10.1094","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"N. R.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. L.","family":"Goad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1665","reference":[{"key":"p_1","unstructured":"Ayoub, S. M. 1980. Plant Nematology: An agricultural training aid. NemaAid Publications, Sacramento, CA."},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.2000.84.10.1081"},{"key":"p_3","unstructured":"Blake, G. R., and Hartage, K. H. 1986. Particle density. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. SSSA Book Ser: 9. A. Klute, ed. SSSA and ASA, Madison, WI."},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"518","volume":"26","author":"Davis R. F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"p_5","unstructured":"Duxbury, D., Martin, D., Woods, M., Willoughby, C., Wooten, M., Bloyd, B., and Maloney, R. 1998. 1996 Oklahoma golf course maintenance cost survey. Okla. Agric. Stat. Serv., Stillwater, OK."},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"527","volume":"28","author":"Koenning S. R.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"p_7","unstructured":"LACHAT. 1994. QuickChem Method 12-107-04-1-B. LACHAT Instrument, Milwaukee, WI."},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"822","volume":"58","author":"Lucas L. T.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Plant Dis. Rep."},{"key":"p_9","unstructured":"Lukens, R. J., and Miller, P. M. 1973. Injury to turf grasses by Tylenchorhynchus dubius and Hoplolaimus spp. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 63:204."},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00103628409367568"},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"85","volume":"62","author":"Mudoch C. L.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Plant Dis. Rep."},{"key":"p_12","unstructured":"Nelson, D. W., and Sommers. L. E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. SSSA Book Ser: 5. D. L. Sparks, ed. SSSA and ASA, Madison, WI."},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"919","volume":"61","author":"Tashiro H.","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"405","volume":"60","author":"Safford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Plant Dis. Rep."},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"162","volume":"4","author":"Sikora R. A.","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Nematol."},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sims, J. T. 1996. Lime requirement. Pages 491-515 in: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3. Chemical Methods. SSSA Book Ser: 5. D. L. Sparks, ed. SSSA and ASA, Madison, WI.","DOI":"10.2136\/sssabookser5.3.c17"},{"key":"p_17","unstructured":"Smiley, R. W., Dernoeden, P. H., and Clarke, B. B. 1992. Compendium of Turf grass Disease. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN."},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PD-74-0660"},{"key":"p_19","unstructured":"USGA Green Section Staff. 1993. USGA recommendations for a method of putting green construction. Pages 1-3 in: The 1993 Revision. USGA Green Section Record, Far Hills, NJ."},{"key":"p_20","unstructured":"Walker, N. W., and Martin, D. L. 2001. Effects of Tylenchorhynchus claytoni on creeping bent grass. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 91:S93."},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wallace, H. R. 1971. Abiotic influences in the soil environment. Pages 257-280 in: Plant-Parasitic Nematodes. Vol. I. B. M. Zuckermann, W. F. Mai, and R. A. Rohde, eds. Academic Press, New York.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-782201-3.50016-2"},{"key":"p_22","unstructured":"Wallace, H. R. 1973. Nematode Ecology and Plant Disease. Crane, Russak, New York."},{"key":"p_23","unstructured":"Wick, R. L., and P. M. Vittum. 1988. Spatial and temporal distribution of plant parasitic nematodes in putting greens in the New England region. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 78:1521."}],"container-title":["Plant Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/apsjournals.apsnet.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1094\/PDIS.2002.86.7.764","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T21:32:56Z","timestamp":1640813576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/apsjournals.apsnet.org\/doi\/10.1094\/PDIS.2002.86.7.764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1094\/PDIS.2002.86.7.764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/pdis.2002.86.7.764","relation":{},"ISSN":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0191-2917","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7692","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}}}