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Species of the genus Lasiodiplodia have been reported as pathogenic toward grapevine in several growing regions and have also been previously reported from Portuguese vineyards. Species in this genus, particularly Lasiodiplodia theobromae, have been reported in previous studies to be more aggressive than other Botryosphaeriaceae species most commonly associated with Botryosphaeria dieback. The aim of this study was to assess the response of some of the more representative cultivars planted throughout Portuguese vineyards, \u2018Touriga Nacional,\u2019 \u2018Touriga Franca,\u2019 \u2018Alvarinho,\u2019 \u2018Aragonez\u2019 (= \u2018Tempranillo\u2019), and \u2018Cabernet Sauvignon,\u2019 by performing artificial inoculations with Lasiodiplodia spp. collected in different geographic locations worldwide. Two experiments, one that involved inoculating 2-year-old grapevines kept in greenhouse-controlled conditions with six isolates of L. theobromae and one isolate of L. mediterranea and one that involved inoculating 7-year-old field-grown grapevines with two isolates of L. theobromae, were conducted twice. We assessed the response of the cultivars by evaluating the length of lesions caused by the isolates 5 months after inoculation. The results showed that all isolates studied were able to infect the annual shoots because they were always reisolated and produced internal wood discoloration. Significant differences were found for all isolate\u2013cultivar combinations. In both experiments, Touriga Nacional showed the largest lesions and while Aragonez recorded the smallest lesions of the cultivars inoculated with Lasiodiplodia spp. In general, Portuguese isolates were more aggressive than those from Peru, which were mildly aggressive. These results are a first insight into the response of selected Portuguese cultivars to Lasiodiplodia species, which are present in Portugal but not commonly associated with Botryosphaeria dieback. This research contributes to our knowledge of the impact that Botryosphaeria dieback causal agents have on crucial national cultivars, which may help winegrowers not only manage current cultural practices but also optimize decision making when planning new vineyards.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1094\/pdis-05-21-0941-re","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T03:22:10Z","timestamp":1639020130000},"page":"1350-1357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Response of Different Grapevine Cultivars to Infection by<i>Lasiodiplodia theobromae<\/i>and<i>Lasiodiplodia mediterranea<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1094","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6344-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, R\u00e9sistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, Cedex 2, France"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1665","reference":[{"key":"b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-07-13-0726-PDN"},{"key":"b2","first-page":"1","volume":"28","author":"Alves A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fungal Divers."},{"key":"b3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.2008.01075.x"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-92-5-0832B"},{"key":"b101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3059.2012.02674.x"},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12623"},{"key":"b6","first-page":"545","volume":"56","author":"Berlanas C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytopathol. 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