{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:09:09Z","timestamp":1790777349325,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,2,1]],"date-time":"1998-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":886291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adult rats intubated with a single dose of ethanol (alcohol; \u223c5 g\/kg) for 5 to 10 successive days incur neurodegeneration in the entorhinal cortex, dentate gyrus, and olfactory bulbs accompanied by cerebrocortical edema and electrolyte (Na\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      , K\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) accumulation. The brain damage is not lessened by cotreatment with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK\u2010801; also, as reported elsewhere, MK\u2010801 as well as non\u2010NMDA receptor and Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      channel antagonists are not neuroprotective in a similar, but more compressed, intoxication protocol. However, cotreatment with the electrolyte transport inhibitor\/diuretic furosemide reduces alcohol\u2010dependent cerebrocortical damage by 75\u201385% while preventing brain hydration and electrolyte elevations; olfactory bulb neurodegeneration is not attenuated. In parallel in vitro studies, rat organotypic entorhinal\/hippocampal slice cultures exposed to alcohol (50\u2013200 mM) 15 h\/day for 6 days, mirroring episodic intoxication in vivo, demonstrate concentration\u2010related release of the cytotoxic indicator, lactate dehydrogenase. Analogous to the in vivo findings, furosemide blocks this alcohol\u2010induced in vitro cytotoxicity. Our results showing neuroprotection by furosemide indicate that brain edema and swelling are essential events in the brain damage induced by episodic alcohol exposure. Furosemide and related agents might be useful as neuroprotective agents in alcohol abuse. We suggest that the neurodegeneration is elicited in part by edema\u2010dependent oxidative stress, but the regional selectivity of the damage may be best explained by physical (mechanical) compression of the limbic cortex against the adjacent tympanic bulla and subsequent neuronal cytoskeletal collapse. A scheme for these apparently nonexcitotoxic metabolic and mechanical pathways initiated by repeated alcohol exposure is proposed.\u2014Collins, M. A., Zou, J.\u2010Y., Neafsey, E. J. Brain damage due to episodic alcohol exposure in vivo and in vitro: furosemide neuroprotection implicates edema\u2010based mechanism.\n                      <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                      12, 221\u2013230 (1998)\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.2.221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T04:36:15Z","timestamp":1516854975000},"page":"221-230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Brain damage due to episodic alcohol exposure in vivo and in vitro: furosemide neuroprotection implicates edema\u2010based mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Maywood Illinois 60153 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010yun","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Maywood Illinois 60153 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Neafsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Maywood Illinois 60153 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Hunt W. 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