{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:22:47Z","timestamp":1793326967987,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]],"date-time":"2000-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":954547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR39190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR39190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA 16038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA 16038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA73796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA73796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The regression phase of the hair cycle (catagen) is an apoptosis\u2010driven process accompanied by terminal differentiation, proteolysis, and matrix remodeling. As an inhibitor of keratinocyte proliferation and inductor of keratinocyte apoptosis, transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF\u2010\u03b21) has been proposed to play an important role in catagen regulation. This is suggested, for example, by maximal expression of TGF\u2010\u03b21 and its receptors during late anagen and the onset of catagen of the hair cycle. We examined the potential involvement of TGF\u2010\u03b21 in catagen control. We compared the first spontaneous entry of hair follicles into catagen between TGF\u2010\u03b21 null mice and age\u2010matched wild\u2010type littermates, and assessed the effects of TGF\u2010\u03b21 injection on murine anagen hair follicles\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo.<\/jats:italic>\n                    At day 18 p.p., hair follicles in TGF\u2010\u03b21 \u2014\/\u2014 mice were still in early catagen, whereas hair follicles of +\/+ littermates had already entered the subsequent resting phase (telogen). TGF\u2010\u03b21 \u2014 \/\u2014 mice displayed more Ki\u201067\u2010positive cells and fewer apoptotic cells than comparable catagen follicles from +\/+ mice. In contrast, injection of TGF\u2010\u03b21 into the back skin of mice induced premature catagen development. In addition, the number of proliferating follicle keratino\u2010cytes was reduced and the number of TUNEL + cells was increased in the TGF\u2010\u03b21\u2010treated mice compared to controls. Double visualization of TGF\u2010\u03b2 type II receptor (TGFRII) and TUNEL reactivity revealed colocalization of apoptotic nuclei and TGFRII in catagen follicles. These data strongly support that TGF\u2010\u03b21 ranks among the elusive endogenous regulators of catagen induction\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo,<\/jats:italic>\n                    possibly via the inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Thus, TGF\u2010\u03b2RII agonists and antagonists may provide useful therapeutic tools for human hair growth disorders based on premature or retarded catagen development (effluvium, alopecia, hirsutism).\u2014Foitzik, K., Lindner, G., Mueller\u2010Roever, S., Maurer, M., Botchkareva, N., Botchkarev, V., Handjiski, B., Metz, M., Hibino, T., Soma, T., Dotto, G. P., Paus, R. Control of murine hair follicle regression (catagen) by TGF\u2010\u03b21\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo. FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    14, 752\u2013760 (2000)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T08:32:05Z","timestamp":1516264325000},"page":"752-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":331,"title":["Control of murine hair follicle regression (catagen) by TGF\u2010\u03b21\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Foitzik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cutaneous Biology Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Charlestown Massachusetts 02129 USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Eppendorf University of Hamburg  Hamburg D\u201020246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Charit\u00e9 Humboldt University  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Mueller\u2010Roever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cutaneous Research Queen Mary College University of London  London U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Johannes\u2010Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Botchkareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Boston University  Boston Massachusetts 02118 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Botchkarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Boston University  Boston Massachusetts 02118 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bori","family":"Handjiski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Charit\u00e9 Humboldt University  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shiseido Research Center  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Hibino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shiseido Research Center  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Soma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Charit\u00e9 Humboldt University  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Paolo Dotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cutaneous Biology Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Charlestown Massachusetts 02129 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Paus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Eppendorf University of Hamburg  Hamburg D\u201020246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199801)184:1<4::AID-PATH968>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555561335339","article-title":"Apoptosis as the mechanism of the involution of hair follicles in catagen transformation","volume":"61","author":"Weedon D.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Dermatol Venereol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12348479"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"1601","article-title":"Analysis of apoptosis during hair follicle regression (catagen)","volume":"151","author":"Lindner G.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(05)70383-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"1505","article-title":"The hair follicle: dying for attention","volume":"151","author":"Cotsarelis G.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am.J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Activated skin mast cells are involved in murine hair follicle regression (catagen)","volume":"77","author":"Maurer M.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12613555"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.1998.tb00295.x-i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12294690"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/18997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65110-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12336635"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-1811(94)90036-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050239"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(96)80064-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(96)80087-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.59.6.769"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.2.770"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/359693a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1295-409"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.13.2659","article-title":"TGF\u03b22 knockout mice have multiple developmental defects that are non\u2010overlapping with other TGF\u03b2 knockout phenotypes:","volume":"124","author":"Sanford L. P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Transforming growth factor\u2010beta","volume":"12","author":"Massague J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Surv."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1990.0050"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1998.5003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.7.4213"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(97)80072-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-80481-6_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.67.1.753"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"431","article-title":"Expression of transforming growth factor beta isoforms and their receptors during hair growth phases in mice","volume":"11","author":"Wollina U.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1990.tb06266.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","first-page":"719","article-title":"Chemotherapy\u2010induced alopecia in mice. Induction by cyclophosphamide, inhibition by cyclosporine A, and modulation by dexamethasone","volume":"144","author":"Paus R.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65621-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050195"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1097-1124"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.11.5237"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.6.2386"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.12.4167"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80545-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","first-page":"248","article-title":"Control of the hair cycle and hair diseases as cycling disorders","volume":"3","author":"Paus R.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Dermatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908123410706"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","volume-title":"Diseases of the Hair and Scalp","author":"Dawber R","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T23:20:18Z","timestamp":1761693618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fasebj.14.5.752","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-04-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-04-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}