{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T08:27:15Z","timestamp":1794644835053,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["FASEB BioAdvances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) plays an important role in the innate immune response and is depleted during SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection due to increased turnover. It is unknown whether treatment with NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    precursors can safely raise NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels in patients with COVID\u201019. To determine whether MIB\u2010626 (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    nicotinamide mononucleotide), an NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    precursor, can safely increase blood NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels and attenuate acute kidney injury (AKI) and inflammation in hospitalized patients with COVID\u201019, 42 adults, \u2265\u200918\u2009years, hospitalized with COVID\u201019 and AKI, were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to MIB\u2010626 1.0\u2010g or placebo tablets twice daily for 14\u2009days. Circulating NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and its metabolites, markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity, were assessed. MIB\u2010626 treatment significantly but gradually raised blood NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels to a peak between 5 to 14\u2009days (16.0\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9, 25.5\u2009\u00b1\u200912.6, and 42.6\u2009\u00b1\u200925.6\u2009\u03bcg\/mL at baseline, days 5 and 14) and raised plasma concentrations of NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    metabolites 1\u2010methylnicotinamide, N\u2010methyl, 2\u2010pyridone, 4\u2010carboxamide rapidly to a peak by day 3. Changes in serum creatinine, cystatin\u2010C, and serum markers of AKI did not differ significantly between groups. Serum CRP, IL\u20106, and TNF\u03b1 and indices of disease severity also did not differ between groups. MIB\u2010626 treatment of patients with COVID\u201019 and AKI safely and substantially raised blood NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and plasma concentrations of NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    metabolites. Markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity did not differ between groups, likely due to the slow rise in NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels. Future studies should assess whether a rapid increase in NAD\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    by parenteral administration can attenuate disease severity and AKI.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    Identifier: NCT05038488\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fba.2025-00014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:45:49Z","timestamp":1750293949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral\n                    <scp>MIB<\/scp>\n                    \u2010626 (\u03b2 Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) Safely Raises Blood Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels in Hospitalized Patients With\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Karol M.","family":"Pencina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Leaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo J.","family":"Valderrabano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushrut S.","family":"Waikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapan S.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Alabama  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yili Valentine","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy K.","family":"Latham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tejossy","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Alabama  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Volpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dahlene","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Medicine  New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusnie","family":"Memish\u2010Beleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shobana","family":"Krishnamurthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siva","family":"Lavu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metro International Biotech  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Karmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metro International Biotech  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Livingston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metro International Biotech  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3982-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shalender","family":"Bhasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism Boston Claude D. 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