{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T08:52:16Z","timestamp":1777020736202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006823","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["FASEB BioAdvances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We sought to determine whether a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mRNA could be administered to the fetus via the transamniotic route as a potential strategy for the perinatal management of cystic fibrosis\u2010associated meconium ileus. Nine pregnant Sprague Dawley dams underwent volume\u2010matched intra\u2010amniotic injections in all their fetuses (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009109) of either a suspension of a human CFTR mRNA encapsulated by a semi\u2010synthetic composite, lipopolyplex (mRNA group;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200998), or of a suspension of the same composite free of mRNA (control group;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), on gestational day 17 (E17; term\u2009=\u2009E21). At daily time points until term, fetal small bowel and lungs, along with maternal serum, were quantitatively screened for the human CFTR protein by ELISA. Statistical analysis was by the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni adjustment. Overall fetal survival was 85.3% (93\/109), with no significant differences between the groups or time points. When controlled by mRNA\u2010free injections, human CFTR was detected in the small bowel from the mRNA group at all time points (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for all), increasing initially over time. Human CFTR was detected comparably in the lungs from both groups, suggesting interspecies homology at that anatomical site. No human CFTR was detected in maternal serum. Encapsulated exogenous mRNA encoding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein can be incorporated and translated by fetal small bowel cells after simple intra\u2010amniotic injection in a healthy rodent model. Transamniotic mRNA delivery could become a novel strategy for the perinatal management of meconium ileus associated with cystic fibrosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fba.2025-00288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T07:16:17Z","timestamp":1775632577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transamniotic Fetal Delivery of Cystic Fibrosis (\n                    <scp>CF<\/scp>\n                    ) Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (\n                    <scp>CFTR<\/scp>\n                    )\n                    <scp>mRNA<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kamila","family":"Moskowitzova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashlyn E.","family":"Whitlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yash V.","family":"Shroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zurakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0679-0125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario O.","family":"Fauza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital\/Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.628137"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.20-1-e12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3546-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2017.06.007"},{"issue":"592","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"e591","article-title":"Focus on Cystic Fibrosis and Other Disorders Evidenced in Fetuses With Sonographic Finding of Echogenic Bowel: 16\u2010Year Report From Brittany, France","volume":"203","author":"Scotet V.","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and 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