{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:35:12Z","timestamp":1789803312609,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]],"date-time":"2001-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":988675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006031","name":"United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS\u20132901\u201397C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS\u20132901\u201397C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006031","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The structure of bioactive surfaces of proteins is a subject of intensive research, yet the mechanisms by which such surfaces have evolved are largely unknown. Polypeptide toxins produced by ven\u00acomous animals such as sea anemones, cone snails, scorpions, and snakes show multiple routes for active site diversification, each maintaining a typical con\u00acserved scaffold. Comparative analysis of an array of genetically related scorpion polypeptide toxins that modulate sodium channels in neuronal membranes suggests a unique route of toxic site diversification. This premise is based on recent identification of bioactive surfaces of toxin representative of three distinct pharmacological groups and a comparison of their 3\u2010dimensional structures. Despite their similar scaffold, the bioactive surfaces of the various toxins vary consid\u00acerably, but always coincide with the molecular exterior onto which the C\u2010tail is anchored. Superposition of the toxin structures indicates that the C\u2010tails diverge from a common structural start point, which suggests that the pharmacological versatility displayed by these toxins might have been achieved along evolution via structural reconfiguration of the C\u2010tail, leading to reshaping of new bioactive surfaces.\u2014Gurevitz, M., Gordon, D., Ben\u2010Natan, S., Turkov, M., Froy, O. Diversification of neurotoxins by C\u2010tail \u2018wiggling\u2019: a scorpion recipe for survival.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 15, 1201\u20131205 (2001)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T19:03:10Z","timestamp":1027710190000},"page":"1201-1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Diversification of neurotoxins by C\u2010tail \u2018wiggling\u2019: a scorpion recipe for survival"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"MICHAEL","family":"GUREVITZ","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plant Sciences Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DALIA","family":"GORDON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plant Sciences Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHARON","family":"BEN-NATAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL","family":"TURKOV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plant Sciences Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"OREN","family":"FROY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plant Sciences Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(91)90205-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54531-2","article-title":"Conotoxins","volume":"266","author":"Olivera B. M.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00006457"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.15.1793"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology","author":"Ohno M.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00148-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(92)90222-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(96)00173-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.39.25393"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00149-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.12.6820"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1992.72.suppl_4.S15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Toxins and Signal Transduction","author":"Gordon D.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-20-08730.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569549809009247"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"683","volume-title":"Handbook of Neurotoxicology","author":"Martin-Eauclaire M-F.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1999.00625.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Toxins and Signal Transduction","author":"Zlotkin E.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00564-X","article-title":"Refined electrophysiological analysis suggests that a depressant toxin is a sodium channel opener rather than a blocker","volume":"61","author":"Ben-Khalifa R.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.9.5769"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00148a025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.20.7443"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(98)00111-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1999.2611"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00221a016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9528309"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/prep.1997.0724"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi961497l"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.23.14810"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.2418"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0134(199707)28:3<360::AID-PROT6>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Immunology","author":"Kuby J.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.14.6404"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T01:07:49Z","timestamp":1761700069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.00-0571hyp","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-09-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-12-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-05-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}