{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:05:38Z","timestamp":1791327938359,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]],"date-time":"2003-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Angiogenesis is the propelling force for tumor growth and metastasis, and antiangiogenic therapy represents one of the most promising modalities for cancer treatment. CD105 (endoglin) is a proliferation\u2010associated and hypoxia\u2010inducible protein abundantly expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells (EC). It is a receptor for transforming growth factor (TGF) \u2010\u03b21 and \u2010\u03b23 and modulates TGF\u2010\u03b2 signaling by interacting with TGF\u2010\u03b2 receptors I and\/or II. Immunohistochemistry studies have revealed that CD105 is strongly expressed in blood vessels of tumor tissues. Intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) determined using antibodies to CD105 has been found to be an independent prognostic indicator, wherein increased MVD correlates with shorter survival. CD105 is able to be shed into the circulation, with elevated levels detected in patients with various types of cancer and positively correlated with tumor metastasis. Tangible evidence of its proangiogenic role comes from knockout studies in which CD105 null mice die in utero as a result of impaired angiogenesis in the yolk sac and heart defects. The potential usefulness of CD105 for tumor imaging has been evaluated in tumor\u2010bearing mice and dogs that have shown the rapid accumulation of radiolabeled anti\u2010CD105 monoclonal antibody in the tumors with a high tumor\u2010to\u2010background ratio. The anti\u2010CD105 antibody conjugated with immunotoxins and immunoradioisotopes efficiently suppressed\/abrogated tumor growth in murine models bearing breast and colon carcinoma without any significant systemic side effects. Immunoscintigraphy in patients with renal cell carcinomas has shown specific localization of\n                    <jats:sup>99<\/jats:sup>\n                    Tc\n                    <jats:sup>m<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010labeled CD105 mab in tumor endothelial cells. Thus, CD105 is a promising vascular target that can be used for tumor imaging, prognosis, and bears therapeutic potential in patients with solid tumors and other angiogenic diseases.\u2014Duff, S. E., Li, C., Garland, J. M., Kumar, S. CD105 is important for angiogenesis: evidence and potential applications.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    17, 984\u2013992 (2003)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,28]],"date-time":"2003-05-28T19:06:21Z","timestamp":1054148781000},"page":"984-992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":416,"title":["CD105 is important for angiogenesis: evidence and potential applications"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"SARAH E.","family":"DUFF","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical School University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CHENGGANG","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical School University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOHN M.","family":"GARLAND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical School University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHANT","family":"KUMAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Medical School University of Manchester Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197111182852108","article-title":"Seminars in Medicine of the Beth Israel Hospital, Boston: tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications","volume":"285","author":"Folkman J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M207160200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00259-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"890","article-title":"Treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin: a novel therapy in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Matsuno H.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01452256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.134.2.1276","article-title":"Identification of several cell surface proteins of non-T, non-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"134","author":"Quackenbush E. J.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.6.1925","article-title":"Identification of a human endothelial cell antigen with monoclonal antibody 44G4 produced against a pre-B leukemic cell line","volume":"141","author":"Gougos A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.6.1934","article-title":"Biochemical characterization of the 44G4 antigen from the HOON pre-B leukemic cell line","volume":"141","author":"Gougos A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41732-2","article-title":"Endoglin is a component of the transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptor system in human endothelial cells","volume":"267","author":"Cheifetz S.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000133576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02870.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.14.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.49.33011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.133.5.1109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111991200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3010765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.107.6.2351"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2821619"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.134.6.2645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0171-9335(99)80046-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.2.584"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.17.1388"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.7.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.12.4677"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(98)00585-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M011611200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI8088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-1738(01)00062-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64673-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8734"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830220216"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","first-page":"841","article-title":"Endoglin is expressed on a subpopulation of immature erythroid cells of normal human bone marrow","volume":"5","author":"Buhring H. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/4.1.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440070028004","article-title":"Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease): new insights in pathogenesis, complications, and treatment","volume":"156","author":"Haitjema T.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0696-189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1294-345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.12.2171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/10.13.1347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1657518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/9.8.1227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910540303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","first-page":"1623","article-title":"Up-regulation of endoglin on vascular endothelial cells in human solid tumors: implications for diagnosis and therapy","volume":"1","author":"Burrows F. J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199604)178:4<363::AID-PATH491>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","first-page":"3621","article-title":"Overexpression of endoglin (CD105): a marker of breast carcinoma-induced neo-vascularization","volume":"18","author":"Bodey B.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015559850135760"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","first-page":"856","article-title":"Breast carcinoma: vascular density determined using CD105 antibody correlates with tumor prognosis","volume":"59","author":"Kumar S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5419.1534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000320)89:2<122::AID-IJC4>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","first-page":"524","article-title":"Association of serum endoglin with metastasis in patients with colorectal, breast, and other solid tumors, and suppressive effect of chemotherapy on the serum endoglin","volume":"7","author":"Takahashi N.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"The prognostic significance of tumor vascularity in intermediate thickness (0.76-4.0mm thick) skin melanoma. A quantitative histologic study","volume":"133","author":"Srivastava A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101033240101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/84.24.1875"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93150-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1997.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90188-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.2.461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(96)00379-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/86.5.386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990517)81:4<568::AID-IJC11>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(00)00864-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","first-page":"3410","article-title":"Evaluation of angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer: comparison between anti-CD34 antibody and anti-CD105 antibody","volume":"7","author":"Tanaka F.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2002.119361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilkstrom P. Lissbrant I. F. Stattin P. Egevad L. andBergh A.(2002)Endoglin (CD105) is expressed on immature blood vessels and is a marker for survival in prostate cancer.Prostate 268\u2013275","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10083"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(99)00335-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","first-page":"2037","article-title":"Endoglin is a suitable target for efficient imaging of solid tumors: in vivo evidence in a canine mammary carcinoma model","volume":"6","author":"Fonsatti E.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512283332608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0195-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1999.00534.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Long-lasting complete inhibition of human solid tumors in SCID mice by targeting endothelial cells of tumor vasculature with antihuman endoglin immunotoxin","volume":"3","author":"Seon B. K.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Induction of lasting complete regression of preformed distinct solid tumors by targeting the tumor vasculature using two new anti-endoglin monoclonal antibodies","volume":"5","author":"Matsuno F.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","first-page":"7846","article-title":"Antiangiogenic therapy of established tumors in human skin \/ severe combined immunodeficiency mouse chimeras by antiendoglin (CD105) monoclonal antibodies, and synergy between anti-endoglin antibody and cyclophosphamide","volume":"61","author":"Takahashi N.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990827)82:5<737::AID-IJC18>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","first-page":"1485","article-title":"Up-regulation of endoglin (CD105) expression during childhood brain tumor-related angiogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Bodey B.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T21:37:59Z","timestamp":1761687479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.02-0634rev","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-09-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-02-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-06-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}