{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:11:40Z","timestamp":1792293100229,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1100649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cough is a common and protective reflex, but persistent coughing is debilitating and impairs quality of life. Antitussive treatment using opioids is limited by unacceptable side effects, and there is a great need for more effective remedies. The present study demonstrates that theobromine, a methylxanthine derivative present in cocoa, effectively inhibits citric acid\u2010induced cough in guinea\u2010pigs in vivo. Furthermore, in a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled study in man, theobromine suppresses capsaicin\u2010induced cough with no adverse effects. We also demonstrate that theobromine directly inhibits capsaicin\u2010induced sensory nerve depolarization of guinea\u2010pig and human vagus nerve suggestive of an inhibitory effect on afferent nerve activation. These data indicate the actions of theobromine appear to be peripherally mediated. We conclude theobromine is a novel and promising treatment, which may form the basis for a new class of antitussive drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-1990fje","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T20:25:59Z","timestamp":1100723159000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Theobromine inhibits sensory nerve activation and cough"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Omar S.","family":"Usmani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria G.","family":"Belvisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Pharmacology Group National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hema J.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Pharmacology Group National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natascia","family":"Crispino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Pharmacology Group National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Birrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Pharmacology Group National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rta","family":"Korbonits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St. Bartholomew's Hospital  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dezs\u00f6","family":"Korbonits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinoin Co. 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