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Vascularized skin substitutes were prepared by seeding Bcl\u20102\u2010transduced or nontrans\u2010duced HUVEC, CB\u2010EC, or AB\u2010EC on the deep surface of decellularized human dermis following keratinocyte coverage of the epidermal surface. These skin substitutes were transplanted onto C.B\u201017 SCID\/beige mice receiving systemic rapamycin or vehicle control and were analyzed 21 d later. CB\u2010EC and Bcl\u20102\u2010HUVEC formed more human EC\u2010lined vessels than AB\u2010EC or control HUVEC;CB\u2010EC, Bcl\u20102\u2010HUVEC, and AB\u2010EC but not control HUVEC promoted ingrowth of mouse EC\u2010lined vessels. Bcl\u20102 transduction increased the number of human and mouse EC\u2010lined vessels in grafts seeded with HUVEC but not with CB\u2010EC or AB\u2010EC. Both CB\u2010EC and AB\u2010EC\u2010induced microvessels became invested by smooth muscle cell\u2010specific alpha\u2010actin\u2010positive mural cells, indicative of maturation. Rapamycin inhibited ingrowth of mouse EC\u2010lined vessels but did not inhibit formation of human EC\u2010lined vessels. We conclude that EC differentiated from circulating progenitors can be utilized to vascularize human skin substitutes even in the setting of compromised host angiogenesis\/vasculogenesis.\u2014Shepherd, B. R., Enis, D. R., Wang, F., Suarez, Y., Pober, J. S., Schechner, J. S. Vascularization and engraftment of a human skin substitute using circulating progenitor cell\u2010derived endo\u2010thelial cells.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    20, E1124\u2013E1132 (2006)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-5682fje","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,28]],"date-time":"2006-06-28T21:15:30Z","timestamp":1151529330000},"page":"1739-1741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Vascularization and engraftment of a human skin substitute using circulating progenitor cell\u2010derived endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Transplantation Yale University 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