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We demonstrate that 5\u2010methyltetrahydrofolate (5\u2010MTHF, the predominant folate in plasma) is also a potent, near diffusion limited, scavenger of singlet oxygen and quencher of excited photosensitizers. Both pathways result in decomposition of 5\u2010MTHF, although ascor\u2010bate can protect against this loss. In the absence of photosensitizers, 5\u2010MTHF is directly decomposed only very slowly by UVA or UVB. Although synthetic folic acid can promote DNA damage by UVA, submicromo\u2010lar 5\u2010MTHF inhibits photosensitization\u2010induced strand breaks. These observations suggest a new role for reduced folate in protection from ultraviolet damage and have bearing on the hypothesis that folate photo\u2010degradation influenced the evolution of human skin color.\u2013Offer, T., Ames, B. N., Bailey, S. W., Sabens, E. A., Nozawa, M., Ayling, J. 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