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In contrast, genetic association studies have been ambiguous in replicating its effects on dyslexia. To better understand the regulation of\n                    <jats:italic>DYX1C1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the possible functional role of genetic variation in the promoter of\n                    <jats:italic>DYX1C1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we selected three single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with predicted functional consequences or suggested associations to dyslexia for detailed study. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays suggested the allele\u2010specific binding of the transcription factors TFII\u2010I (to rs3743205) and Sp1 (to rs16787 and rs12899331) that could be verified by competition assays. In addition, we purified a complex of protein factors binding to the previously suggested dyslexia\u2010related SNP, \u22123G\/A (rs3743205). Three proteins, TFII\u2010I, PARP1, and SFPQ, were unambiguously identified by mass spectrometry and protein sequencing. Two SNPs, rs16787 and rs3743205, showed significant allelic differences in luciferase assays. Our results show that TFII\u2010I, PARP1, and SFPQ proteins, each previously implicated in gene regulation, form a complex controlling transcription of\n                    <jats:italic>DYX1C1.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Furthermore, allelic differences in the promoter or 5\u2032 untranslated region of\n                    <jats:italic>DYX1C1<\/jats:italic>\n                    may affect factor binding and thus regulation of the gene.\u2014Tapia\u2010P\u00e1ez, I., Tammimies, K., Massinen, S., Roy. A. L., Kere, J. The complex of TFII\u2010I, PARP1, and SFPQ proteins regulates the\n                    <jats:italic>DYX1C1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene implicated in neuronal migration and dyslexia.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    22, 3001\u20133009 (2008)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-104455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,29]],"date-time":"2008-04-29T21:35:57Z","timestamp":1209504957000},"page":"3001-3009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["The complex of TFII\u2010I, PARP1, and SFPQ proteins regulates the\n                    <i>DYX1C1<\/i>\n                    gene implicated in neuronal migration and dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Tapia-P\u00e1ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institute Huddinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristiina","family":"Tammimies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institute Huddinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satu","family":"Massinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananda L.","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Tufts University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Kere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institute Huddinge Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8279.1974.tb00760.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1833911100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0010050"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001596"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl089"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508591102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl162"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410060203"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410180210"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1356-9597.2004.00742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Susceptibility loci for distinct components of developmental dyslexia on chromosomes 6 and 15","volume":"60","author":"Grigorenko E. 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