{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T13:39:20Z","timestamp":1770989960276,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The Nazi's cornerstone precept of \u201cracial hygiene\u201d gave birth to their policy of \u201cracial cleansing\u201d that led to the murders of millions. It was developed by German physicians and scientists in the late 19th century and is rooted in the period's Social Darwinism that placed blacks at the bottom of the racial ladder. This program was first manifested in the near\u2010extermination of the African Herero people during the German colonial period. After WWI, the fear among the German populace that occupying African troops and their Afro\u2010German children would lead to \u201cbastard\u2010ization\u201d of the German people formed a unifying racial principle that the Nazis exploited. They extended this mind\u2010set to a variety of \u201cunworthy\u201d groups, leading to the physician\u2010administered racial Nuremberg laws, the Sterilization laws, the secret sterilization of Afro\u2010Germans, and the German euthanasia program. This culminated in the extermination camps.\u2014Haas, F. German Science and Black Racis.\u2014Haas, F. German Science and Black Racism\u2014Roots of the Nazi Holocaust.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    22, 332\u2013337 (2008)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-0202ufm","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]],"date-time":"2008-01-31T14:04:03Z","timestamp":1201788243000},"page":"332-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["German science and black racism\u2014roots of the Nazi Holocaust"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Haas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Institute of Community Health and Research New York University School of Medicine New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"899","volume-title":"Danger","author":"Charatan F.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Mein Kampf","author":"Hitler A.","year":"1943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Racial Hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis","author":"Proctor R.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56021\/9780801846458"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195053616.003.0002","volume-title":"The Wellborn Science","author":"Weiss S. 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