{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:54:16Z","timestamp":1790639656273,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]],"date-time":"2008-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1224633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK075357"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK075357"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 DK064919"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 DK064919"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Circadian clocks regulate multiple rhythms in mammalian tissues. In most organs core clock gene expression is oscillatory, with negative components\n                    <jats:italic>Per<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Cry<\/jats:italic>\n                    peaking in antiphase to\n                    <jats:italic>Bmal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A notable exception is the testis, where clock genes seem non\u2010rhythmic. Earlier mammalian studies, however, did not examine clock expression patterns in accessory ductal tissue required for sperm maturation and transport. Previous studies in insects demonstrated control of sperm maturation in vas deferens by a local circadian system. Sperm ducts express clock genes and display circadian pH changes controlled by vacuolar\u2010type H\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010ATPase and carbonic anhydrase (CA\u2010II). It is unknown whether sperm\u2010processing rhythms are conserved beyond insects. To address this question in mice housed in a light\u2010dark environment, we examined temporal patterns of\n                    <jats:italic>mPer1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bmal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene expression and protein abundance in epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate. Results demonstrate variable tissue\u2010specific patterns of expression of the two genes, with variations in levels of clock proteins and their nucleo\u2010cytoplasmic cycling observed among examined tissues. Strikingly,\n                    <jats:italic>mPer1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bmal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA and proteins oscillate in antiphase in the prostate, with similar peak\u2010trough patterns as observed in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, the brain's central clock. Genes encoding CA and a VATPase subunit, which are rhythmically expressed in sperm ducts of moths, are also rhythmic in some segments of murine sperm ducts. Our data suggest that some sperm duct segments may contain peripheral circadian systems whereas others may express clock genes in a pleiotropic manner.\u2014Bebas, P., Goodall, C. P., Majewska, M., Neumann, A., Giebultowicz, J. M., Chappell, P. E. Circadian clock and output genes are rhythmically expressed in extratesticular ducts and accessory organs of mice.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 23, 523\u2013533 (2009)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-113191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]],"date-time":"2008-10-22T20:55:20Z","timestamp":1224708920000},"page":"523-533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Circadian clock and output genes are rhythmically expressed in extratesticular ducts and accessory organs of mice"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Bebas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland"},{"name":"Department of Zoology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheri P.","family":"Goodall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jadwiga M.","family":"Giebultowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick E.","family":"Chappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470090839.ch9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00614"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730407311254"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.011833"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00783.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2002-0184"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.032426699"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3032.1999.00127.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1990.tb00502.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(01)00058-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.245.4922.1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.205.1.37","article-title":"Circadian rhythm of acidification in insect vas deferens regulated by rhythmic expression of vacuolar H+\u2010ATPase","volume":"205","author":"Bebas P.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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