{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:37:36Z","timestamp":1792409856253,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,14]],"date-time":"2010-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1292284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR051372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR051372"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR055115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR055115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005202","name":"Muscular Dystrophy Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005202","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sca\u20101 (stem cell antigen\u20101) is a member of the Ly\u20106 family of proteins and regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and self\u2010renewal in multiple tissues. In skeletal muscle, Sca\u20101 inhibits both proliferation and differentiation of myogenic cells. Sca\u20101 expression is dynamically regulated during muscle regeneration, and mice lacking Sca\u20101 display increased fibrosis following muscle injury. Here, we show that Sca\u20101 expression is negatively regulated by TGF\u2010\u03b21 and that this inhibition is dependent on Smad3. We demonstrate that levels of TGF\u2010\u03b21 in skeletal muscle rapidly increase on injury and that the majority of this TGF\u03b21 is produced by infiltrating macrophages. Sca\u20101 is expressed in multiple cell types, and we demonstrate that TGF\u2010\u03b21 represses Sca\u20101 expression in T cells and other immune cell populations derived from the spleen, indicating that regulation byTGF\u2010\u03b21 is a general feature of Sca\u20101 expression in multiple cell types. Elucidation of the mechanisms by which Sca\u20101 expression is regulated may aid in the understanding of muscle homeostasis, potentially identifying novel therapeutic targets for muscle diseases.\u2014Long, K., Montano, M., Pavlath, G. K. Sca\u20101 is negatively regulated by TGF\u2010\u03b21 in myogenic cells.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    25, 1156\u20131165 (2011).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\\\\www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-170308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,14]],"date-time":"2010-12-14T22:22:52Z","timestamp":1292365372000},"page":"1156-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Sca\u20101 is negatively regulated by TGF\u2010\u03b2lin myogenic cells"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kimberly K.","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monty","family":"Montano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Boston Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace K.","family":"Pavlath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(96)00115-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00454432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001433-200110000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1273rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2008.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1036475100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2007.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2005.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2002.0625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.112.5.1774","article-title":"A cell surface antigenic determinant present on mouse plasmacytes and only about half of mouse thymocytes","volume":"112","author":"Yutoku M.","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. 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