{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:42:33Z","timestamp":1792464153139,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,3]],"date-time":"2011-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54AI057160\u201007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54AI057160\u201007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Eradication of smallpox was accomplished 30 yr ago, but poxviral infections still represent a public health concern due to the potential release of variola virus or the emergence of zoonotic poxviruses, such as mon\u2010keypox virus. A critical determinant of poxvirus virulence is the inhibition of interferons (IFNs) by the virus\u2010encoded type I IFN\u2010binding protein (IFNa\/\u03b2BP). This immunomodulatory protein is secreted and has the unique property of interacting with the cell surface in order to prevent IFN\u2010mediated antiviral responses. However, the mechanism of its attachment to the cell surface remains unknown. Using surface plasmon resonance and cell\u2010binding assays, we report that the IFNa\/\u03b2BP from vaccinia virus, the smallpox vaccine, interacts with cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Analysis of the contribution of different regions of the protein to cell surface binding demonstrated that clusters of basic residues in the first immunoglobulin domain mediate GAG interactions. Furthermore, mutation of the GAG\u2010interaction motifs does not affect its IFN\u2010binding and \u2010blocking capacity. Functional conservation of GAG\u2010binding sites is demonstrated for the IFNa\/\u03b2BP from variola and monkeypox viruses, extending our understanding of immune modulation by the most virulent human poxviruses. These results are relevant for the design of improved vaccines and intervention strategies.\u2014Montanuy, I., Alejo, A, Alcami, A Glycosaminoglycans mediate retention of the poxvirus type I interferon binding protein at the cell surface to locally block interferon antiviral responses.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    25, 1960\u20101971 (2011).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-177188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,3]],"date-time":"2011-03-03T21:46:03Z","timestamp":1299188763000},"page":"1960-1971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Glycosaminoglycans mediate retention of the poxvirus type I interferon binding protein at the cell surface to locally block interferon antiviral responses"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Imma","family":"Montanuy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Alejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigacion en Sanidad Animal Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnolog\u00eda Agraria y Alimentaria Valdeolmos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Alcami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83391-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"521","article-title":"Smallpox: anything to declare?","volume":"2","author":"Smith G. 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