{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:01:37Z","timestamp":1790499697083,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,22]],"date-time":"2011-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1300752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY13574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY13574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Airway surface liquid (ASL) volume depletion and mucus accumulation occur in cystic fibrosis (CF). The ASL comprises a superficial mucus layer (ML) overlying a periciliary fluid layer (PCL) that contacts surface epithelial cells. We measured viscosity of the ML and PCL from the diffusion of FITC\u2010dextran dissolved in the ASL of unperturbed, well\u2010differentiated primary cultures of human bronchial epithelia grown at an air\u2010liquid interface. Diffusion was measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, using a perfluorocarbon immersion lens and confocal fluorescence detection. Bleaching of an in\u2010plane 6\u2010\u03bcm\u2010wide region was done in which diffusion coefficients were computed using solution standards of specified viscosity and finite\u2010element computations of 2\u2010layer dye diffusion in 3 dimensions. We found remarkably elevated viscosity in both ML and PCL of CF\n                      <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                      non\u2010CF bronchial epithelial cell cultures. Relative viscosities (with saline = 1) were in the range 7\u201310 in the non\u2010CF ML and PCL, and 25\u201330 in both ML and PCL in CF, and greatly reduced by amiloride treatment or mucin washout. These data indicate that the CF airway surface epithelium, even without hyperviscous secretions from submucosal glands, produces an intrinsically hyperviscous PCL and ML, which likely contributes to CF lung disease by impairment of mucociliary clearance. Our results challenge the view that the PCL is a relatively watery, nonviscous fluid layer in contact with a more viscous ML, and offer an explanation for CF lung disease in the gland\u2010free lower airways.\u2014Derichs, N., Jin, B. \u2010J., Song, Y., Finkbeiner, W. E., Verkman, A. S. Hyperviscous airway periciliary and mucous liquid layers in cystic fibrosis measured by confocal fluorescence photobleaching.\n                      <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                      25, 2325\u20132332 (2011).\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-179549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,23]],"date-time":"2011-03-23T00:24:13Z","timestamp":1300839853000},"page":"2325-2332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Hyperviscous airway periciliary and mucous liquid layers in cystic fibrosis measured by confocal fluorescence photobleaching"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nico","family":"Derichs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung\u2010Ju","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanlin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter E.","family":"Finkbeiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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