{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T20:11:17Z","timestamp":1791144677193,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/us\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease with an autoimmune background. Despite the variety of therapeutics available against MS, the development of novel approaches to its treatment is of high importance in modern pharmaceutics. In this study, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Dark Agouti rats has been treated with immunodominant peptides of the myelin basic protein (MBP) encapsulated in mannosylated small unilamellar vesicles. The results show that liposome\u2010encapsulated MBP\n                    <jats:sub>46\u201362<\/jats:sub>\n                    is the most effective in reducing maximal disease score during the first attack, while MBP\n                    <jats:sub>124\u2013139<\/jats:sub>\n                    and MBP\n                    <jats:sub>147\u2013170<\/jats:sub>\n                    can completely prevent the development of the exacerbation stage. Both mannosylation of liposomes and encapsulation of peptides are critical for the therapeutic effect, since neither naked peptides nor nonmannosylated liposomes, loaded or empty, have proved effective. The liposome\u2010mediated synergistic effect of the mixture of 3 MBP peptides significantly suppresses the progression of protracted EAE, with the median cumulative disease score being reduced from 22 to 14 points, compared to the placebo group; prevents the production of circulating autoantibodies; down\u2010regulates the synthesis of Th1 cytokines; and induces the production of brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system. Thus, the proposed formulation ameliorates EAE, providing for a less severe first attack and rapid recovery from exacerbation, and offers a promising therapeutic modality in MS treatment.\u2014Belogurov, A. A., Jr., Stepanov, A. V., Smirnov, I. V., Melamed, D., Bacon, A., Mamedov, A. E., Boitsov, V. M., Sashchenko, L. P., Ponomarenko, N. A., Sharanova, S. N., Boyko, A. N., Dubina, M. V., Friboulet, A., Genkin, D. D., Gabibov, A. G. Liposome\u2010encapsulated peptides protect against experimental allergic encephalitis.\n                    <jats:italic>FASEB J.<\/jats:italic>\n                    27, 222\u2013231 (2013).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-213975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]],"date-time":"2012-10-10T01:37:27Z","timestamp":1349833047000},"page":"222-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Liposome\u2010encapsulated peptides protect against experimental allergic encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"27","author":[{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Alexey A.","family":"Belogurov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey V.","family":"Stepanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M. 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Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitali M.","family":"Boitsov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg Academic University Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre, RAS St. Petersburg Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia P.","family":"Sashchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Ponomarenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M. M. Shemyakin and Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana N.","family":"Sharanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center at City Hospital 11, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery N. I. Pirogov National Research Medical University Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey N.","family":"Boyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center at City Hospital 11, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery N. I. 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