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In the mouse, protective immunity to\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    is associated with inflammatory responses. Here, we assess the dynamics of the inflammatory responses at the lesion site during experimental long\u2010term, low\u2010dose intradermal infection of the ear, employing noninvasive imaging and genetically modified\n                    <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Significant infiltrates of neutrophils and monocytes occurred at 1\u20104 d and 2\u20104 wk, whereas dermal macrophage and dendritic cell (DC) numbers were only slightly elevated in the first days. Quantitative whole\u2010body bioluminescence imaging of myeloperoxidase activity and the quantification of parasite loads indicated that the\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence factor, inhibitor of serine peptidase 2 (ISP2), is required to modulate phagocyte activation and is important for parasite survival at the infection site. ISP2 played a role in the control of monocyte, monocyte\u2010derived macrophage, and monocyte\u2010derived DC (moDC) influx, and was required to reduce iNOS expression in monocytes, monocyte\u2010derived cells, and dermal DCs; the expression of CD80 in moDCs; and levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Our findings indicate that the increased survival of\n                    <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the dermis during acute infection is associated with the down\u2010regulation of inflammatory monocytes and monocyte\u2010derived cells\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    ISP2.\u2014Goundry, A., Romano, A., Lima, A. P. C. A., Mottram, J. C., Myburgh, E. Inhibitor of serine peptidase 2 enhances\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n                    survival in the skin through control of monocytes and monocyte\u2010derived cells. FASEB J. 32,1315\u20101327 (2018).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201700797r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T12:26:34Z","timestamp":1509625594000},"page":"1315-1327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Inhibitor of serine peptidase 2 enhances\n                    <i>Leishmania major<\/i>\n                    survival in the skin through control of monocytes and monocyte\u2010derived cells"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Goundry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Centre for Immunology and Infection University of York York United Kingdom"},{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Centre for Immunology and Infection University of York York United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula C. 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