{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:30:33Z","timestamp":1792524633365,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IG2015-17691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG2015-17691"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The adrenal gland is a multiendocrine organ with a steroidogenic mesenchymal cortex and an inner catecholamine\u2010producing medulla of neuroendocrine origin. After embryonic development, this plastic organ undergoes a functional postnatal remodeling. Elucidating these complex processes is pivotal for understanding the early bases of functional endocrine disorders and tumors affecting the mature gland. We developed an\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    human adrenal cell model derived from fetal adrenal specimens at different gestational ages, consisting of neuroendocrine and cortical components and expressing the zona and functional markers of the original fetal organ. These cortical and neuroendocrine progenitor cells retain\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    an intrinsic gestational\u2010age\u2013related differentiation and functional program.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    these cells spontaneously form 3\u2010dimensional structure organoids with a structure similar to the fetal gland. The organoids show morphofunctional features and adrenal steroidogenic factor, steroid acute regulatory, cytochrome\u2010P450\u201017A1, dosage\u2010sensitive, sex\u2010reversal, adrenal hypoplasia\u2013critical region on chromosome X protein, NOTCH1, and nephroblastoma overexpressed\/cysteine\u2010rich protein 61\/connective tissue growth factor\/nephroblastoma overexpressed gene\u20103; stem (BMI1, nestin); and chromaffin (chromogranin A, tyrosine hydroxylase) markers similar to those of the populations of origin. This\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    human adrenal system represents a unique but preliminar model for investigating the pathophysiological processes underlying physiologic adrenal remodeling and pathologic alterations involved in organ hypo\u2010 and hyperplasia and cancer.\u2014Poli, G., Sarchielli, E., Guasti, D., Benvenuti, S., Ballerini, L., Mazzanti, B., Armignacco, R., Cantini, G., Lulli, M., Chortis, V., Arlt, W., Romagnoli, P., Vannelli, G. B., Mannelli, M., Luconi, M. Human fetal adrenal cells retain age\u2010related stem\u2010and endocrine\u2010differentiation potential in culture. FASEB J. 33, 2263\u20132277 (2019).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801028rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]],"date-time":"2018-09-24T14:57:20Z","timestamp":1537801040000},"page":"2263-2277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Human fetal adrenal cells retain age\u2010related stem\u2010 and endocrine\u2010differentiation potential in culture"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Giada","family":"Poli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Sarchielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Embryology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Guasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Embryology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Benvenuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Ballerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Mazzanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence 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Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiebke","family":"Arlt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Romagnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Embryology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella Barbara","family":"Vannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Embryology Unit University of Florence Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Mannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Unit University of Florence Florence 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