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Recently, GDF11 was found to suppress the nuclear factor kappa\u2010light\u2010chain\u2010enhancer of activated B cells (NF\u2010\u03baB) signaling pathway and protect against inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role of GDF11 in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We demonstrated that GDF11 treatment antagonized TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced inflammation in macrophages. Moreover, GDF11 inhibited the development of arthritis in the collagen\u2010induced arthritis and collagen antibody\u2010induced arthritis models. Local gene transfer of GDF11\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    adeno\u2010associated virus exerted therapeutic effects, while local knockdown of GDF11 exaggerated inflammation in our collagen\u2010induced arthritis model, as detected by expression levels of inflammatory biomarkers and the destruction of joint structures. Additionally, the results from both\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments and luciferase reporter gene mouse experiments implied that the NF\u2010\u03baB pathway might play a critical role in the therapeutic effect of GDF11 in RA. This study presents GDF11 as a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, including RA.\u2014Li, W., Wang, W., Liu, L., Qu, R., Chen, X., Qiu, C., Li, J., Hayball, J., Liu, L., Chen, J., Wang, X., Pan, X., Zhao, Y. GDF11 antagonizes TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced inflammation and protects against the development of inflammatory arthritis in mice. FASEB J. 33, 3317\u20133329 (2019).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801375rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T13:14:14Z","timestamp":1541682854000},"page":"3317-3329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["GDF11 antagonizes TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2010induced inflammation and protects against the development of inflammatory arthritis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Qilu Hospital Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenhan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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