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Renal mechanisms dominate global pH regulation over longer time frames, and rapid adjustments in ventilation compensate for acute pH and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    changes. Ventilatory CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and pH chemoreflexes are primarily determined by brain chemoreceptors with intrinsic pH sensitivity likely driven by K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    channels. Here, we studied acute and chronic pH regulation in\n                    <jats:italic>Kcnj 16<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant Dahl salt\u2010sensitive (SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ) rats;\n                    <jats:italic>Kcnj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    encodes the pH\u2010sensitive inwardly rectifying K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    5.1 (Kir5.1) channel. SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    rats hyperventilated at rest, likely compensating for a chronic metabolic acidosis. Despite their resting hyperventilation, SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ) rats showed up to 45% reduction in the ventilatory response to graded hypercapnic acidosis\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    . controls. SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    rats chronically treated with bicarbonate or the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor hydrochlorothiazide had partial restoration of arterial pH, but there was a further reduction in the ventilatory response to hypercapnic acidosis. SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    rats also had a nearly absent hypoxic ventilatory response, suggesting major contributions of Kir5.1 to O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010 and CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010dependent chemoreflexes. Although previous studies demonstrated beneficial effects of a high\u2010K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    diet (HKD) on cardiorenal phenotypes in SS\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>Kcnj16\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    rats, HKD failed to restore the observed ventilatory phenotypes. We conclude that Kir5.1 is a key regulator of renal H\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    handling and essential for acute and chronic regulation of arterial pH as determinants of the ventilatory CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    chemoreflex.\u2014Puissant, M. M., Muere, C.., Levchenko, V., Manis, A. D., Martino, P., Forster, H. V., Palygin, O., Staruschenko, A., Hodges, M. R. Genetic mutation of\n                    <jats:italic>Kcnj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    identifies Kir5.1\u2010containing channels as key regulators of acute and chronic pH homeostasis. FASEB J. 33, 5067\u20135075 (2019).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201802257r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T12:38:06Z","timestamp":1546519086000},"page":"5067-5075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Genetic mutation of\n                    <i>Kcnj16<\/i>\n                    identifies Kir5.1\u2010containing channels as key regulators of acute and chronic pH homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Madeleine M.","family":"Puissant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarissa","family":"Muere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Levchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna D.","family":"Manis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology Carthage College  Kenosha Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hubert V.","family":"Forster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Palygin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Staruschenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Hodges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1965.208.3.436"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00112.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00282.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1409"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00034","article-title":"Identifying candidate genes that underlie cellular pH sensitivity in serotonin neurons using transcriptomics: a potential role for Kir5.1 channels","volume":"11","author":"Puissant M. 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