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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an upstream mediator of host defense that up\u2010regulates the expression of pattern recognition receptors and sustains inflammatory responses by inhibiting activation\u2010induced apoptosis in monocytes and macrophages. Surprisingly,\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Mif\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, when compared with wild type, were observed to produce &gt;10\u2010fold higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL\u201017 after stimulation with gram\u2010positive exotoxins. High\u2010IL\u201017 expression was associated with the characteristic features of IL\u201017\u2010producing \u03b3\u03b4 T (\u03b3\u03b417) cells, including expression of IL\u201023R, IL\u20101R1, and the transcription factors ROR\u03b3t and Sox13. In the gram\u2010positive model of shock mediated by toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST\u20101),\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Mif\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice succumbed to death more quickly with increased pulmonary neutrophil accumulation and higher production of cytokines, including IL\u2010l\u03b2 and IL\u201023.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Mif\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b3\u03b4 T cells also produced high levels of IL\u201017 in response to\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    lipomannan, and depletion of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells improved survival from acutely lethal\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection or TSST\u20101 administration. These data indicate that MIF deficiency is associated with a compensatory amplification of \u03b3\u03b417 cell responses, with implications for innate immunity and IL\u201017\u2010mediated pathology in situations such as gram\u2010positive toxic shock or\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection.\u2014Kim, H. K., Garcia, A. B., Siu, E., Tilstam, P., Das, R., Roberts, S., Leng, L., Bucala, R. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulates innate \u03b3\u03b4 T\u2010cell responses\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    IL\u201017 expression. FASEB J. 33, 6919\u20136932 (2019).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201802433r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]],"date-time":"2019-02-28T16:16:15Z","timestamp":1551370575000},"page":"6919-6932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulates innate \u03b3\u03b4 T\u2010cell responses\n                    <i>via<\/i>\n                    IL\u201017 expression"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Hee Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro Baeza","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Siu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pathricia","family":"Tilstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bucala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5483","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.12.5483","article-title":"Human IL-17: a novel cytokine derived from T cells","volume":"155","author":"Yao Z.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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