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Synaptic plasticity, a key process of memory formation, in the enteric nervous system may be a novel explanation. This study aimed to explore the regulatory role of ephrinB2\/ephB2 in enteric synaptic plasticity and colonic hyperreactive motility in IBS. Postinfectious (PI)\u2010IBS was induced by\n                    <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in rats. Isometric contractions of colonic circular muscle strips, particularly neural\u2010mediated contractions, were recorded\n                    <jats:italic>ex vivo.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Meanwhile, ephrinB2\/ephB2\u2010mediated enteric structural and functional synaptic plasticity were assessed in the colonic muscularis, indicating that ephrinB2 and ephB2 were located on enteric nerves and up\u2010regulated in the colonic muscularis of PI\u2010IBS rats. Colonic hypersensitivity to CRD and neural\u2010mediated colonic hypercontractility were present in PI\u2010IBS rats, which were correlated with increased levels of cellular homologous fos protein (\n                    <jats:italic>c\u2010fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and activity\u2010regulated cystoskeleton\u2010associated protein (arc), the synaptic plasticity\u2010related immediate early genes, and were ameliorated by ephB2Fc (an ephB2 receptor blocker) or MK801 (an NMDA receptor inhibitor) exposure. EphrinB2\/ephB2 facilitated synaptic sprouting and NMDA receptor\u2010mediated synaptic potentiation in the colonic muscularis of PI\u2010IBS rats and in the longitudinal muscle\u2010myenteric plexus cultures, involving the Erk\u2010MAPK and PI3K\u2010protein kinase B pathways. In conclusion, ephrinB2\/ephB2 promoted the synaptic sprouting and potentiation of myenteric nerves involved in persistent muscle hypercontractility and pain in PI\u2010IBS. Hence, ephrinB2\/ephB2 may be an emerging target for the treatment of IBS.\u2014Zhang, L., Wang, R., Bai, T., Xiang, X., Qian, W., Song, J., Hou, X. EphrinB2\/ephB2\u2010mediated myenteric synaptic plasticity: mechanisms underlying the persistent muscle hypercontractility and pain in postinfectious IBS. FASEB J. 33, 13644\u201013659 (2019).\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.fasebj.org\">www.fasebj.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201901192r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T21:01:58Z","timestamp":1570741318000},"page":"13644-13659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["EphrinB2\/ephB2\u2010mediated myenteric synaptic plasticity: mechanisms underlying the persistent muscle hypercontractility and pain in postinfectious IBS"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gerontology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuelian","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13189"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02066.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i20.6031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03804.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03326434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.076323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-014-1635-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2016.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.128082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e3280bef7f8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0444-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3072-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24721"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14095"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.03.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.01.039"},{"issue":"78","key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","article-title":"An in\u2010vitro preparation of isolated enteric neurons and glia from the myenteric plexus of the adult mouse","author":"Smith T. 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