{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:04:08Z","timestamp":1791925448901,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609632000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX12AB48G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX12AB48G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX16AB29G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX16AB29G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNX16AG02G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNX16AG02G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008749","name":"American College of Sports Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Latent viral reactivation is a commonly reported manifestation of immune system dysregulation during spaceflight. As physical fitness and exercise training have been shown to benefit multiple arms of the immune system, we hypothesized that higher levels of preflight physical fitness and\/or maintaining fitness during a mission would protect astronauts from latent viral reactivation. Standardized tests of maximal strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were performed in 22 international space station (ISS) crewmembers before and after a\u00a0~6\u2010month mission. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) was determined in crewmembers and ground\u2010based controls before, during, and after spaceflight. Crewmembers with higher CRF before spaceflight had a 29% reduced risk of latent viral reactivation compared to crew with lower CRF. Higher preflight upper body muscular endurance was associated with a 39% reduced risk of viral reactivation, a longer time to viral reactivation, and lower peak viral DNA concentrations, particularly for EBV and VZV. Latent viral reactivation rates were highest in crew with lower preflight CRF and higher levels of CRF deconditioning on return to Earth. We conclude that physical fitness may protect astronauts from latent viral reactivation during long duration spaceflight missions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902327r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T06:42:13Z","timestamp":1578033733000},"page":"2869-2881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Exercise as a countermeasure for latent viral reactivation during long duration space flight"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Nadia H.","family":"Agha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Integrated Physiology Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish K.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JesTech NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridgette V.","family":"Rooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Integrated Physiology Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA"},{"name":"GeoControl Systems Inc. NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitzi S.","family":"Laughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Integrated Physiology Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa M.","family":"Markofski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Integrated Physiology Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duane L.","family":"Pierson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Katsanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian E.","family":"Crucian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NASA Johnson Space Center Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Integrated Physiology Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00761.2018","article-title":"NK\u2010cell function is impaired during long\u2010duration spaceflight","volume":"126","author":"Bigley AB","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npjmgrav.2015.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41526-017-0015-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S114188"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(94)90023-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-1591(91)90018-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brbi.1999.0566"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(200006)61:2<235::AID-JMV10>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41526-019-0073-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00648"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.07.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and markers of senescence and exhaustion in peripheral blood CD8+ T\u2010cells and NK\u2010cells in the context of latent cytomegalovirus infection: preliminary findings from the Texas City Stress and Health Study","author":"Baker FL","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Soc Exercise Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"NASA Nasa space flight human\u2010system standard: crew health.2015 83.nasa.gov"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-014-8517-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-22272-6_28","volume-title":"Stress challenges and immunity in space: from mechanisms to monitoring and preventive strategies","author":"Abeln V","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.EC11.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"472","volume-title":"ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription","author":"American College of Sports Medicine","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"577","volume-title":"Stress challenges and immunity in space 2020","author":"Abeln V"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13728-016-0050-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200203000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2012.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0177-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.10.030","article-title":"Acute exercise preferentially redeploys NK\u2010cells with a highly\u2010differentiated phenotype and augments cytotoxicity against lymphoma and multiple myeloma target cells","volume":"39","author":"Bigley AB","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25852","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25852","article-title":"A single exercise bout enhances the manufacture of viral\u2010specific T\u2010cells from healthy donors: implications for allogeneic adoptive transfer immunotherapy","volume":"6","author":"Spielmann G","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-006-9036-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2012.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000127025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2017.11.009","article-title":"Long\u2010duration space exploration and emotional health: recommendations for conceptualizing and evaluating risk","volume":"142","author":"Alfano CA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Astronaut"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00789.2018"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1096%2Ffj.201902327R","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.201902327R","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1096\/fj.201902327R","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1096\/fj.201902327R","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.201902327R","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:56:54Z","timestamp":1761674214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.201902327R"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.201902327R"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.201902327r","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}