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The murine digit has been used to study mammalian regeneration, where stem\/progenitor cells (the \u201cblastema\u201d) completely regenerate the digit tip after distal, but not proximal, amputation. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this response remain to be determined. Here, we evaluated the spatiotemporal formation of bone and fibrous tissues after level\u2010dependent amputation of the murine terminal phalanx and quantified the transcriptome of the repair tissue. Distal (regenerative) and proximal (non\u2010regenerative) amputations showed significant differences in temporal gene expression and tissue regrowth over time. Genes that direct skeletal system development and limb morphogenesis are transiently upregulated during blastema formation and differentiation, including distal Hox genes. Overall, our results suggest that digit tip regeneration is controlled by a gene regulatory network that recapitulates aspects of limb development, and that failure to activate this developmental program results in fibrotic wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000330r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T10:37:08Z","timestamp":1595846228000},"page":"9740-9754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Transcriptomic analysis of bone and fibrous tissue morphogenesis during digit tip regeneration in the adult mouse"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Feini","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University St. Louis MO USA"},{"name":"Center of Regenerative Medicine Washington University St. Louis MO USA"},{"name":"Shriners Hospitals for Children\u2014St. Louis St. 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