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Currently available treatment modalities are limited to undesirable effects. Thus, in the present study, we sought to study the pathogenesis mechanism of EMS. For this purpose, the ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissues were resected from 86 patients with EMS and 54 infertile patients without EMS, respectively. The regulatory mechanism among HES family bHLH transcription factor 5 (\n                    <jats:italic>HES5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), transforming growth factor\u2010beta (\n                    <jats:italic>TGF\u2010\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010induced factor 1 (\n                    <jats:italic>TGIF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), F\u2010box, and WD repeat domain containing 7 (\n                    <jats:italic>FBXW7<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) was studied by performing co\u2010immunoprecipitation, dual\u2010luciferase reporter gene assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, respectively. A mouse model of EMS was established to verify the aforementioned regulatory mechanism in vivo. Upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>HES5<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>TGIF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , as well as downregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>FBXW7<\/jats:italic>\n                    , was observed in EMS endometrial tissues and human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs), respectively. The overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>HES5<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found to suppress the\n                    <jats:italic>FBXW7<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription and\n                    <jats:italic>TGIF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    degradation, resulting in the inactivation of the\n                    <jats:italic>TGF\u2010\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    signaling pathway, as well as inhibition of hESC proliferation and invasion, thereby enhancing apoptosis. Results from a mouse model of EMS showed that the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>HES5<\/jats:italic>\n                    contributed to the alleviation of EMS. Collectively, we attempted to provide a mechanistic insight into the unrecognized roles of the\n                    <jats:italic>HES5<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>FBXW7<\/jats:italic>\n                    in EMS progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000438rrr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T03:24:36Z","timestamp":1611631476000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Repression of\n                    <i>FBXW7<\/i>\n                    by\n                    <i>HES5<\/i>\n                    contributes to inactivation of the\n                    <i>TGF\u2010\u03b2<\/i>\n                    signaling pathway and alleviation of endometriosis"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Juan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Qiang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Stem Cell Research and Application Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 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