{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:40:29Z","timestamp":1782510029841,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]],"date-time":"2020-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005145","name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20170732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20170732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81703562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81571984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81571984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81703563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by infection, is a major public health concern with limited therapeutic options. Infection disturbs the homeostasis of host, resulting in excessive inflammation and immune suppression. This has prompted the clinical use of immunomodulators to balance host response as an alternative therapeutic strategy. Here, we report that Thymopentin (TP5), a synthetic immunomodulator pentapeptide (Arg\u2010Lys\u2010Asp\u2010Val\u2010Tyr) with an excellent safety profile in the clinic, protects mice against cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)\u2010induced sepsis, as shown by improved survival rate, decreased level of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and reduced ratios of macrophages and neutrophils in spleen and peritoneum. Regarding mechanism, TP5 changed the characteristics of LPS\u2010stimulated macrophages by increasing the production of 15\u2010deoxy\u2010\u0394\n                    <jats:sup>12,14<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010prostaglandin J2 (15\u2010d\u2010PGJ2). In addition, the improved effect of TP5 on survival rates was abolished by the peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor \u03b3 (PPAR\u03b3) antagonist GW9662. Our results uncover the mechanism of the TP5 protective effects on CLP\u2010induced sepsis and shed light on the development of TP5 as a therapeutic strategy for lethal systemic inflammatory disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000467r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T14:18:52Z","timestamp":1596032332000},"page":"11772-11785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Thymopentin improves the survival of septic mice by promoting the production of 15\u2010deoxy\u2010prostaglandin J2 and activating the PPAR\u03b3 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjun","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruifeng","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lutz","family":"Birnbaumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED) Catholic University of Argentina Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports and Health Nanjing Sport Institute Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.36"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02786456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2006.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503779112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mp\/sst080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2007.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.12.9337148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.6.9912144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3552"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0915000107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Revisiting mouse peritoneal macrophages: heterogeneity, development, and function","volume":"6","author":"Cassado Ados A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.9.6514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2018.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1999.00514.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13414"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.4MIR1118-425R"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0029-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.5b00354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)44287-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200318012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500901200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/362361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.8879"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201600728R"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.12.6359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr2001355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201601222R"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI19796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.312355.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000114821.25573.E7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/215631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.260547"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1096%2Ffj.202000467R","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.202000467R","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1096\/fj.202000467R","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.202000467R","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T21:18:14Z","timestamp":1761686294000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.202000467R"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.202000467R"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202000467r","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}