{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T03:13:13Z","timestamp":1778209993156,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]],"date-time":"2020-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Viola tricolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    Linn. is used as cardio\u2010protective and anti\u2010hypertensive agent in traditional medicine. Current study objective was to evaluate cardio\u2010protective and hypotensive effect\n                    <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                    of\n                    <jats:italic>Viola tricolor L<\/jats:italic>\n                    . in vitro and in vivo studies.\n                    <jats:italic>Viola tricolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. crude extract (Vt.Cr) and its fractions (Aqueous and organic) were tested at rabbit atria and aorta coupled to Power Lab Data Acquisition System for cardio depressant and vasorelaxant effects in vitro whereas in vivo Blood Pressure was checked by invasive method in normotensive ketamine\u2010diazepam anesthetized rats. Isoproterenol was employed for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) development and cardioprotective effects of Vt.Cr were evaluated hemodynamically and histopathologically. Vt.Cr and its fractions decreased heart rate and contractile force in paired atria and relaxed Phenylephrine (1\u00a0\u00b5M) and K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (80\u00a0mM) stimulated contractions in aorta possibly mediated through Voltage dependent L\u2010type calcium channels blockage supported by in vivo hypotensive action. In LVH, Vt.Cr lowered Angiotensin Converting Enzymes and renin, increased cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate and nitric oxide levels, decreased cardiomyocytes size and fibrosis attributed to Gallic acid as detected by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Partial positive results were seen hemodynamically and histologically in AMI\n                    <jats:italic>Viola tricolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. showed vasorelaxant, cardio\u2010relaxant, hypotensive, and cardio protective effect validating traditional practice in cardiovascular disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000658r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T10:37:08Z","timestamp":1595846228000},"page":"9102-9119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Ex vivo and in vivo studies of\n                    <i>Viola tricolor<\/i>\n                    Linn. as potential cardio protective and hypotensive agent: Inhibition of voltage\u2010gated Ca\n                    <sup>++<\/sup>\n                    ion channels"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Fatima","family":"Saqib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khizra","family":"Mujahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Arif","family":"Aslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alotaibi","family":"Modhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology College of Science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius Alexandru","family":"Moga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Transilvania University Brasov Brasov Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bobescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Transilvania University Brasov Brasov Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Marceanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Transilvania University Brasov Brasov Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2015.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"World health organization (WHO).Fact sheet.2019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/cardiovascular\u2010diseases\u2010(cvds)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-015-0553-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(98)00076-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Biological value of various edible flower species","volume":"15","author":"Grzeszczuk M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Sci Pol Hortorum Cultus"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"222","volume-title":"Antioxidant Flavonoid Glycosides in Viola tricolor L. 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