{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:07:12Z","timestamp":1782457632730,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that causes lethal diseases in immunocompromised patients. Ubiquitin\u2010proteasome system (UPS) regulates many cellular processes by degrading ubiquitinylated proteins. The UBL\u2010UBA shuttle protein family, which escorts the ubiquitinylated proteins to the proteasome for degradation, are crucial components of UPS. Here, we identified three UBL\u2010UBA shuttle proteins (TGGT1_304680, DNA damage inducible protein 1, DDI1; TGGT1_295340, UV excision repair protein rad23 protein, RAD23; and TGGT1_223680, ubiquitin family protein, DSK2) localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of\n                    <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Deletion of shuttle proteins inhibited parasites growth and resulted in accumulation of ubiquitinylated proteins. Cell division of triple\u2010gene knockout strain was asynchronous. In addition, we found that the retroviral aspartic protease activity of the nonclassical shuttle protein DDI1 was important for the virulence of\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    in mice. These results showed the critical roles of UBL\u2010UBA shuttle proteins in regulating the degradation of ubiquitinylated proteins and cell division of\n                    <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000759rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T00:55:27Z","timestamp":1598576127000},"page":"13711-13725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    UBL\u2010UBA shuttle proteins contribute to the degradation of ubiquitinylated proteins and are important for synchronous cell division and virulence"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Heng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Beijing 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