{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T14:13:27Z","timestamp":1789827207251,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lipids secreted by the meibomian glands (MGs) of the eyelids are essential to the protection of the eye's surface. An altered meibum composition represents the primary cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED). Despite the critical importance of the meibum, its biosynthetic pathways and the roles of individual lipid components remain understudied. Here, we report that the genetic deletion of Acyl\u2010CoA:wax alcohol acyltransferase 2 (AWAT2) causes the obstruction of MGs and symptoms of evaporative DED in mice. The lipid composition of the meibum isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Awat2\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice revealed the absence of wax esters, which was accompanied by a compensatory overproduction of cholesteryl esters. The resulting increased viscosity of meibum led to the dilation of the meibomian ducts, and the progressive degeneration of the MGs. Overall, we provide evidence for the main physiological role of AWAT2 and establish\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      Awat2\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice as a model for DED syndrome that can be used in studies on tear film\u2010oriented therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001191r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T14:57:06Z","timestamp":1599058626000},"page":"13792-13808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Deficiency in Acyl\u2010CoA:Wax Alcohol Acyltransferase 2 causes evaporative dry eye disease by abolishing biosynthesis of wax esters"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Made Airanthi K.","family":"Widjaja\u2010Adhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josie A.","family":"Silvaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Chelstowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Trischman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Bederman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences School of Medicine Case Western 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