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Emerging evidence has indicated that dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have an important role in inflammation and fibrosis. Mechanical stress (MS) has been explored as an initiating step in LFH pathology progression; the inflammation\u2010related miRNAs induced after mechanical stress have been implicated in fibrosis pathology. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of MS\u2010miRNAs\u2010LFH remains to be elucidated. Using miRNAs sequencing analysis and subsequent confirmation with qRT\u2010PCR assays, we identified the decreased expression of miR\u201010396b\u20103p and increased expression of IL\u201011 (interleukin\u201011) as responses to the development of LSS in hypertrophied LF tissues. We also found that IL\u201011 is positively correlated with fibrosis indicators of collagen I and collagen III. The up\u2010regulation of miR\u201010396b\u20103p significantly decreased the level of IL\u201011 expression, whereas miR\u201010396b\u20103p down\u2010regulation increased IL\u201011 expression in vitro. Luciferase reporter assay indicates that IL\u201011 is a direct target of miR\u201010396b\u20103p. Furthermore, cyclic mechanical stress inhibits miR\u201010396b\u20103p and induces IL\u201011, collagen I, and collagen III in vitro. Our results showed that overexpression of miR\u201010396b\u20103p suppresses MS\u2010induced LFH by inhibiting collagen I and III via the inhibition of IL\u201011. These data suggest that the MS\u2010miR\u201010396b\u20103p\u2010IL\u201011 axis plays a key role in the pathological progression of LFH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100169rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T06:15:04Z","timestamp":1622096104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["miR\u201010396b\u20103p inhibits mechanical stress\u2010induced ligamentum flavum hypertrophy by targeting IL\u201011"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical 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