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Here we investigated temporal changes in behavior, tissue structure, and transcriptomic profiles in a rat model of a surgical incision, using hyperalgesic behavioral tests, histological analyses, and next\u2010generation RNA sequencing, respectively. The most rapidly (1\u00a0hour) expressed genes were the chemokines,\n                    <jats:italic>Cxcl1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Cxcl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Consequently, infiltrating leukocytes were abundantly observed starting at 6 and peaking at 24\u00a0hours after incising which was supported by histological analysis and appearance of the neutrophil markers,\n                    <jats:italic>S100a8<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>S100a9<\/jats:italic>\n                    . At this time, hyperalgesia was at a peak and overall transcriptional activity was most highly activated. At the 1\u2010day timepoint,\n                    <jats:italic>Nppb<\/jats:italic>\n                    , coding for natriuretic peptide precursor B, was the most strongly upregulated gene and was localized by in situ hybridization to the epidermal keratinocytes at the margins of the incision.\n                    <jats:italic>Nppb<\/jats:italic>\n                    was basically unaffected in a peripheral inflammation model transcriptomic dataset. At the late phase of wound healing, five secreted, incision\u2010specific peptidases,\n                    <jats:italic>Mmp2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Aebp1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mmp23<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Adamts7<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Adamtsl1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , showed increased expression, supporting the idea of a sustained tissue remodeling process. Transcripts that are specifically upregulated at each timepoint in the incision model may be potential candidates for either biomarkers or therapeutic targets for wound pain and wound healing. This study incorporates the examination of longitudinal temporal molecular responses, corresponding anatomical localization, and hyperalgesic behavioral alterations in the surgical incision model that together provide important and novel foundational knowledge to understand mechanisms of wound pain and wound healing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100347r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T14:03:21Z","timestamp":1631196201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Longitudinal peripheral tissue RNA\u2010Seq transcriptomic profiling, hyperalgesia, and wound healing in the rat plantar surgical incision model"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7140-8175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taichi","family":"Goto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Symptoms Biology Unit 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