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However, interactions between the host's immune system and\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    are unclear. Our previous research found that the Sj16 protein isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    has an anti\u2010inflammatory effect in the host. However, the role of\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the regulation of host immunity in\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is not clear. Here, we applied the CRISPR\/Cas9 technique to knockout\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    eggs and investigated the effect of\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    in regulating host immunity. We found egg viability decreased after\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout. In addition, we found granulomatous inflammation increased, the T\u2010cell immune response enhanced and the immune microenvironment changed in mice model injected with\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010knockout eggs by tail vein. These findings suggested that\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    could regulate host immunity through\n                    <jats:italic>Sj16<\/jats:italic>\n                    to evade the host immune attack and cause continuous infection. In addition, we confirmed the application of CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated gene reprogramming for functional genomics in\n                    <jats:italic>S. japonicum.<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200600rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T05:44:25Z","timestamp":1666503865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<scp>CRISPR<\/scp>\n                    \/Cas9\u2010mediated gene knockout of\n                    <i>Sj16<\/i>\n                    in\n                    <i>Schistosoma japonicum<\/i>\n                    eggs upregulates the host\u2010to\u2010egg immune response"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2820-2240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lichao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suoyu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunyi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zifeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology of Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Provincial 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