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In the past few years, accumulating evidence suggests that ghrelin, a gastric hormone of 28\u2010amino acid residue length, exerts protective effects against inflammation by modulating the related pathways. This review focuses on ghrelin's anti\u2010inflammatory and potential therapeutic effects in neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, gastrointestinal, and kidney disorders. Ghrelin significantly alleviates excessive inflammation and reduces damage to different target organs mainly by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2), and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa\u2010B (NF\u2010\u03baB) and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways. Ghrelin also regulates inflammation and apoptosis through the p38 MAPK\/c\u2010Jun N\u2010terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway; restores cerebral microvascular integrity, and attenuates vascular leakage. Ghrelin activates the phosphoInositide\u20103 kinase (PI3K)\/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway and inhibits inflammatory responses in cardiovascular diseases and acute kidney injury. Some studies show that ghrelin exacerbates colonic and intestinal manifestations of colitis. Interestingly, some inflammatory states, such as non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and chronic kidney disease, are often associated with high ghrelin levels. Thus, ghrelin may be a potential new therapeutic target for inflammation\u2010related diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200634r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T05:40:26Z","timestamp":1660887626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Potential role of ghrelin in the regulation of inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6283-0152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunxiao","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Department of Interventional Therapy of First Hospital of Jilin University State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University  Changchun 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