{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:24:58Z","timestamp":1793381098636,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011747","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ghrelin represents a key hormone regulating energy balance. Upon activation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), ghrelin increases blood glucose levels, food intake, and promotes weight gain. The liver\u2010expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) acts as an endogenous antagonist of the GHSR. While the regulation of LEAP2 and its effect on the GHSR likely occur in an opposite pattern to that of ghrelin, the dietary regulation of LEAP2 remains to be described. We, therefore, examined the regulation of LEAP2 by different acute meal challenges (glucose, mixed meal, olive, lard, and fish oil) and diets (chow vs. high\u2010fat) in C57BL\/6 male mice. In addition, the effect of specific fatty acids (oleic, docosahexaenoic, and linoleic acid) on LEAP2 was assessed in murine intestinal organoids. While only mixed meal increased liver\n                    <jats:italic>Leap2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression, all meal challenges except fish oil increased jejunal\n                    <jats:italic>Leap2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression compared to water.\n                    <jats:italic>Leap2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression correlated with levels of hepatic glycogen and jejunal lipids. Lipid versus water dosing increased LEAP2 levels in the systemic circulation and portal vein where fish oil was associated with the smallest increase. In line with this, oleic acid, but not docosahexaenoic acid increased\n                    <jats:italic>Leap2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in intestinal organoids. Feeding mice with high\u2010fat versus chow diet not only increased plasma LEAP2 levels, but also the increment in plasma LEAP2 upon dosing with olive oil versus water. Taken together, these results show that LEAP2 is regulated by meal ingestion in both the small intestine and the liver according to the meal\/diet of interest and local energy stores.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202201828r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T12:29:01Z","timestamp":1682598541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The dietary regulation of\n                    <scp>LEAP2<\/scp>\n                    depends on meal composition in mice"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5982-8417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Katrina J\u00f3gvansd\u00f3ttir","family":"Gradel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Global Drug Discovery Novo Nordisk A\/S  M\u00e5l\u00f8v Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie K.","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Byberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrte","family":"Merkestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Drug Discovery Novo Nordisk A\/S  M\u00e5l\u00f8v Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter Frederik Johan","family":"Hogendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Research Technologies Novo Nordisk A\/S  M\u00e5l\u00f8v Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari Lilith","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3198-4949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"June Daphne Arnold","family":"Buijink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Damgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Drug Discovery Novo Nordisk A\/S  M\u00e5l\u00f8v Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lykkesfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitte","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health &amp; Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/45230"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35051587"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35038090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/EN.2019-00074"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.8.1714"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI125332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.4.707"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.1.8129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CMET.2017.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b01644"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/FEBS.14763"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TIPS.2004.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-19-0102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/CELLS11030324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MOLMET.2021.101327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100582"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/CLINEM\/DGAA803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqac038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ANI12243496"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-22-0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"87","volume-title":"A\u2010Z of Quantitative PCR","author":"Pfaffl M","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg605"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/18.2.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CMET.2011.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/IJBS.7.645"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","unstructured":"Human Protein Atlas.https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/ENSG00000121853\u2010GHSR\/tissue"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507778698"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS19020532"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/NU10030350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/JBC.M109.096107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0B013E3282FFAF6A"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/DIABETES.51.2.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MEATSCI.2013.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/EN.2018-00261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MOLMET.2014.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/JPET.120.000046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/SREP25237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/J.GASTRO.2010.05.002"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.202201828R","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T16:09:32Z","timestamp":1765469372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.202201828R"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.202201828R"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202201828r","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e22923"}}