{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:33:29Z","timestamp":1785576809102,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]],"date-time":"2023-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2019205158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2019205158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Motile cilia lining on the ependymal cells are crucial for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and its dysfunction is often associated with hydrocephalus. Unc51\u2010like\u2010kinase 4 (Ulk4) was previously linked to CSF flow and motile ciliogenesis in mice, as the hypomorph mutant of\n                    <jats:italic>Ulk4<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Ulk4<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>tm1a\/tm1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    ) developed hydrocephalic phenotype resulted from defective ciliogenesis and disturbed ciliary motility, while the underling mechanism is largely obscure. Here, we report that serine\/threonine kinase 36 (STK36), a paralog of ULK4, directly interacts with ULK4 and this was demonstrated by yeast two\u2010hybrid (Y2H) in yeast and coimmunoprecipitation (co\u2010IP) assays in HEK293T cells, respectively. The interaction region was confined to their respective N\u2010terminal kinase domain. The hypomorph mutant of\n                    <jats:italic>Stk36<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Stk36<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>tmE4\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    ) also developed progressive hydrocephalus postnatally and dysfunctional CSF flow, with multiple defects of motile cilia, including reduced ciliary number, disorganized ciliary orientation, defected axonemal structure and inconsistent base body (BB) orientation.\n                    <jats:italic>Stk36<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>tmE4\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    also disturbed the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Foxj1<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription factor and a range of other ciliogenesis\u2010related genes. All these morphological changes, motile cilia defects and transcriptional dysregulation in the\n                    <jats:italic>Stk36<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>tmE4\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    are practically copied from that in\n                    <jats:italic>Ulk4<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>tm1a\/tm1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Taken together, we conclude that both Stk36 and Ulk4 are crucial for CSF flow, they cooperate by direct binding with their kinase domain to regulate the\n                    <jats:italic>Foxj1<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription factor pathways for ciliogenesis and cilia function, not limited to CSF flow. The underlying molecular mechanism probably conserved in evolution and could be extended to other metazoans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202300481r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T01:51:59Z","timestamp":1692409919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The putative protein kinase Stk36 is essential for ciliogenesis and\n                    <scp>CSF<\/scp>\n                    flow by associating with Ulk4"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8783-6512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7778-7206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meimei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine University of Galway  Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2060-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1290-8389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5921-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianyuan","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hebei General Hospital  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1076-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6789-7238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuanwei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0448-1193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hebei Children's Hospital  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8217-9811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanbing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine University of Galway  Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1296-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5626-668X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongfeng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University  Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60694-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.132782"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26057-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/Nen.0000000000000203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-021-00265-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907335117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.08.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3744-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200710162"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.6.715"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b10458"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2020.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.137604"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2423"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23262133.2017.1313646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-017-0091-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985811415708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/Jneurosci.0621-16.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.16.7042-7053.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2019.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.16.7054-7068.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.23261"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.154500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1520-19.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20160331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184957"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00497-013-0235-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26058-5"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.202300481R","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T20:44:58Z","timestamp":1761684298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.202300481R"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.202300481R"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202300481r","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e23138"}}