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Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underpinning hibernation remain largely unclear. This study used RNA\u2010seq and Iso\u2010seq techniques to investigate the changes in liver transcriptome expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Rhinolophus pusillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    during hibernation and active periods, as well as under different microhabitat temperatures. We identified 11\u2009457 differentially expressed genes during hibernation and active periods, of which 395 showed significant differential expression. Genes associated with fatty acid catabolism were significantly upregulated during hibernation, whereas genes related to carbohydrate metabolism and glycogen synthesis were downregulated. Conversely, immune\u2010related genes displayed differential expression patterns: genes tied to innate immunity were significantly upregulated, while those linked to adaptive immunity and inflammatory response were downregulated. The analysis of transcriptomic data obtained from different microhabitat temperatures revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>R. pusillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited an upregulation of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lower microhabitat temperature. This upregulation facilitated an enhanced utilization rate of triglyceride, ultimately resulting in increased energy provision for the organism. Additionally,\n                    <jats:italic>R. pusillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    upregulated gluconeogenesis\u2010related genes regardless of the microhabitat temperature, demonstrating the importance of maintaining blood glucose levels during hibernation. Our transcriptomic data reveal that these changes in liver gene expression optimize energy allocation during hibernation, suggesting that liver tissue adaptively responds to the inherent stress of its function during hibernation. This study sheds light on the role of differential gene expression in promoting more efficient energy allocation during hibernation. It contributes to our understanding of how liver tissue adapts to the stressors associated with this state.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202301646r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T04:13:41Z","timestamp":1707279221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Adapting to stress: The effects of hibernation and hibernacula temperature on the hepatic transcriptome of\n                    <i>Rhinolophus pusillus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Henan Normal University  Xinxiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xufan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Henan Normal University  Xinxiang 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