{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:16:49Z","timestamp":1781090209619,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["'Stop Fuga de cerebros' postdoctoral fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["'Stop Fuga de cerebros' postdoctoral fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We aimed to analyze sex\u2010related differences in galectin\u20101 (Gal\u20101), a \u03b2\u2010galactoside\u2010binding lectin, in aortic stenosis (AS) and its association with the inflammatory and fibrocalcific progression of AS. Gal\u20101 was determined in serum and aortic valves (AVs) from control and AS donors by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Differences were validated by ELISA and qPCR in AS samples. In\u00a0vitro experiments were conducted in primary cultured valve interstitial cells (VICs). Serum Gal\u20101 was not different neither between control and AS nor between men and women. There was no association between circulating and valvular Gal\u20101 levels. The expression of Gal\u20101 in stenotic AVs was higher in men than women, even after adjusting for confounding factors, and was associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, fibrosis, and osteogenesis. Gal\u20101 (\n                    <jats:italic>LGALS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) mRNA was enhanced within fibrocalcific areas of stenotic AVs, especially in men. Secretion of Gal\u20101 was up\u2010regulated over a time course of 2, 4, and 8\u2009days in men's calcifying VICs, only peaking at day 4 in women's VICs. In\u00a0vitro, Gal\u20101 was associated with similar mechanisms to those in our clinical cohort. \u03b2\u2010estradiol significantly up\u2010regulated the activity of an\n                    <jats:italic>LGALS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter vector and the secretion of Gal\u20101, only in women's VICs. Supplementation with rGal\u20101 prevented the effects elicited by calcific challenge including the metabolic shift to glycolysis. In conclusion, Gal\u20101 is up\u2010regulated in stenotic AVs and VICs from men in association with inflammation, oxidative stress, matrix remodeling, and osteogenesis. Estrogens can regulate Gal\u20101 expression with potential implications in post\u2010menopause women. Exogenous rGal\u20101 can diminish calcific phenotypes in both women and men.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202301832rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T08:44:23Z","timestamp":1707381863000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sex\u2010dependent expression of galectin\u20101, a cardioprotective \u03b2\u2010galactoside\u2010binding lectin, in human calcific aortic stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0628-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Jover","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundaci\u00f3n Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra (UPNA)  Pamplona 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