{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:37:20Z","timestamp":1784050640275,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3NS134957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3NS134957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cyanide is one of the oldest known poisons in human history. In the 1980s, seminal work began to elucidate the broad cellular mechanisms of cyanide toxicity beyond its canonical inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase. In the 1990s, endogenous metabolites were shown to sequester cyanide, and these became promising avenues for the development of a cyanide antidote. However, an FDA\u2010approved metabolite\u2010based cyanide antidote did not come to fruition. More recently, in the past 10\u2009years, advances in mass spectrometry\u2010based metabolomics profiling, subcellular drug targeting, and genome editing have brought fresh perspectives to the concept of a metabolism\u2010based cyanide antidote. Here, we review the mechanisms of cyanide toxicity with a focus on intermediary metabolism. We discuss the current state of our knowledge and gaps in our understanding of the metabolic mechanisms that contribute to cyanide poisoning, in addition to highlighting recent findings that break new ground in the field. We present the theory of redirecting intermediary metabolism to counteract cyanide poisoning: while cyanide shifts metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, the metabolome encompasses hundreds of pathways; thus, potential therapeutic opportunities may reside in activating metabolism into other pathways. Potential approaches to targeting metabolism as a therapeutic intervention for cyanide poisoning will also be discussed. These targets represent an opportunity for a significant paradigm shift from current FDA\u2010approved treatments, which chelate the chemical toxicant but do not reverse the broad spectrum of cellular and metabolic damage caused by cyanide, to a treatment that may improve the long\u2010term effects of cyanide poisoning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202400230rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T11:02:48Z","timestamp":1749726168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Redirecting Intermediary Metabolism to Counteract Cyanide Poisoning"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Vik S.","family":"Bebarta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"University of Colorado Center for Combat Medicine and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5032-7250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anjali K.","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Broad Institute  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2017.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology","author":"Gallo M. A.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"64","article-title":"F\u00f6rs\u00f6k, betr\u00e4ffande det f\u00e4rgande \u00e4mnet uti Berlinerbl\u00e5 (Experiment Concerning the Coloring Substance in Berlin Blue)","volume":"3","author":"Scheele C. W.","year":"1782","journal-title":"Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar (New Proceedings of the Royal Academy of Science (of Sweden))"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"S. I.BaskinandT. G.Brewer \u201cCyanide Poisoning \u201dhttps:\/\/ke.army.mil\/bordeninstitute\/published_volumes\/chemBio\/Ch10.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents","author":"Gupta R. C.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112802273182"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874418806668"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"\u201cToxicological Profile for Cyanide \u201dhttps:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/toxprofiles\/tp8.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181\u2010018\u20100688\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118628966"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health \u201cCyanides \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/idlh\/cyanides.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cPublic Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (PHEMCE) Strategy and Implementation Plan 2022 \u201dhttps:\/\/aspr.hhs.gov\/PHEMCE\/2022\u2010SIP\/Documents\/PHEMCE\u2010SIP\u20102022\u2010508.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.01.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181\u2010016\u20100533\u20100"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Smoke Inhalation & Acute Cyanide Poisoning. Hydrogen Cyanide Poisoning Proves Increasingly Common in Smoke\u2010Inhalation Victims","volume":"29","author":"Alcorta R.","year":"2004","journal-title":"JEMS: A Journal of Emergency Medical Services"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011\u2010011\u20109237\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(85)90742\u20101"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Ministry of H. Mantakassa: An Epidemic of Spastic Paraparesis Associated With Chronic Cyanide Intoxication in a Cassava Staple Area of Mozambique. 1. Epidemiology and Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Patients. Ministry of Health, Mozambique","volume":"62","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/610648"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010017\u20109081\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1995.tb02895.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970\u20109185.142799"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2026245118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255\u2010025\u201001225\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408340903535315"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bku020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118628966.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)12801-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2009.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272\u20100590(85)90124\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118628966.ch17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10623320009165314"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2018.1435886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","unstructured":"ATSDR \u201cToxicological Profile for Cyanide. Health Effects \u201dhttps:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/ToxProfiles\/tp8\u2010c3.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15459624.2021.1976410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15459624.2018.1445260"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijccm.IJCCM_460_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.10.1345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102013\u2010203025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rlu.0000219168.92370.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21871"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7134971"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233719851902"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764\u2010199703000\u201000016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019\u20105278.93204"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097\u20104547(20000901)61:5<570::Aid\u2010jnr12>3.0.Co;2\u2010v"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470513712.ch14"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10863\u2010008\u20109166\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.078618"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887\u20102333(90)90007\u2010g"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041\u2010008x(89)90238\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)62743-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432\u20101033.1973.tb02735.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775\u2010004\u20100522\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471\u20104159.1962.tb04205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006\u2010291x(77)91375\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01954935"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02533765"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003\u20109861(85)90572\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278\u20106915(92)90183\u2010l"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021\u20109258(18)62575\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0637029100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12\u2010225037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193889"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14050279"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2020.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08803-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfac116"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1933.02740010061028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2018.1429615"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfz081"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041\u2010008x(86)90435\u20107"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","first-page":"452","article-title":"Cyanide Intoxication in Mice Through Different Routes and Its Prophylaxis by Alpha\u2010Ketoglutarate","volume":"4","author":"Bhattacharya R.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biomedical and Environmental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00343219"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","first-page":"515","article-title":"Protective Role of Alpha\u2010Ketoglutarate Against Massive Doses of Cyanide in Rats","volume":"30","author":"Bhattacharya R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041\u2010008x(79)90396\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01924962"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10863\u2010010\u20109307\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1207"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309726"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.3838.184-b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0960327102ht255oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006\u20102952(65)90200\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2004.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(02)00825-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/intox\u20102017\u20100001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118628966.ch27"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1993.1018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12317"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201024472\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010\u2010022\u201004589\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00022.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cb400944y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx071"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00738.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)77145-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2005.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00238.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304\u20104165(69)90304\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1700173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.74.082803.133329"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00311a010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0891\u20105849(02)01040\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463\u20101326.2010.01266.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fba.1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589\u2010022\u201001012\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300\u2010483x(92)90030\u2010i"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2022.103939"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00967.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14353"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280000124"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_118_1","first-page":"243","article-title":"Die Rhodanbildung Im Tierkorper [Thiocyanogen in the Bodies of Animals]","volume":"259","author":"Lang K.","year":"1933","journal-title":"FEBS Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5662\/wjm.v5.i2.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_120_1","unstructured":"\u201cDosing and Administration for Cyanokit \u201dhttps:\/\/cyanokit.com\/treatment\u2010with\u2010cyanokit."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.201001\u2010003SM"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015909789152146"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2020.110831"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010020\u201000311\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13090247"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255\u2010019\u20100161\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12091329"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202113943"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10863\u2010012\u20109475\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2012.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010024\u201007148\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306\u2010016\u20101094\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1705224"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00527.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000232592"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_140_1","volume-title":"The Nation's Medical Countermeasure Stockpile: Opportunities to Improve the Efficiency, Effectiveness, and Sustainability of the CDC Strategic National Stockpile: Workshop Summary","author":"Board on Health Sciences Policy; Health and Medicine Division; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_141_1","unstructured":"\u201cPublic Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (PHEMCE) Strategy and Implementation Plan \u201dhttps:\/\/medicalcountermeasures.gov\/BARDA\/documents\/2017\u2010phemce\u2010sip.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.14.1358.43149"}],"container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1096\/fj.202400230RR","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T14:51:55Z","timestamp":1763823115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1096\/fj.202400230RR"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"references-count":141,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1096\/fj.202400230RR"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202400230rr","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-6638","1530-6860"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-6638","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-6860","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70709"}}