{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T19:41:18Z","timestamp":1785354078391,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729900800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The FASEB Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ulcerative colitis is a chronic pathology characterized by relapsing\u2013remitting phases of intestinal inflammation. Additionally, some patients develop neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, or cognitive deficits. We aimed to investigate whether the development of chronic colitis elicits memory, locomotion, and mood impairments. It further examined whether these impairments are influenced by the relapsing\u2013remitting phases of the colitis or by sex. Here, we used a chronic colitis model in male and female rats, induced with sodium dextran sulfate, mirroring the phases of human ulcerative colitis. Our results revealed that the severity of colitis was slightly higher in males than females. Chronic colitis triggered motor and short\u2010term memory deficits and induced anxiety\u2010 and depression\u2010like behaviors that remained throughout the development of the disease. There are also sex differences under control or inflammatory conditions. Therefore, in both situations, females compared to males displayed: (i) slightly lower locomotion, (ii) increased anxiety\u2010like behaviors, (iii) similar depression\u2010like behaviors, and (iv) similar short\u2010term memory deficit. Additionally, under control conditions, the mRNA levels of IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 were higher in the female hippocampus. In both sexes, when chronic colitis was established, the neuroinflammation was evidenced by increased mRNA levels of these three cytokines in the hippocampus and in the motor and prefrontal cortices. Interestingly, this neuroinflammation was slightly greater in males. In summary, we show that the development of chronic colitis caused persistent behavioral abnormalities, highlighting sex differences, and that could be a consequence, at least in part, of the increase in IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202400837r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,26]],"date-time":"2024-10-26T05:10:33Z","timestamp":1729919433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Motor, mood, and memory impairments persist during remission periods in chronic colitis and are influenced by neuroinflammation and sex"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5936-4005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gema","family":"Sotelo\u2010Parrilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Sevilla  Sevilla 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