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Here we used an optical sensor to profile O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    flux in intact and wounded corneas of mouse eyes. Intact corneas have unique centrifugal O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx profiles, smallest flux at the cornea center, and highest at the limbus. Following cornea injury, the O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx profile presents three distinct consecutive phases: a \u201cdecreasing\u201d phase from 0 to 6\u2009h, a \u201crecovering\u201d phase from 12 to 48\u2009h, and a \u2018peak\u2019 phase from 48 to 72\u2009h, congruent to previously described healing phases. Immediately after wounding, the O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx drops at wound center and wound edge but does not change significantly at the wound side or limbus. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the decreasing phase significantly reduces O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx, decreases epithelial migration and consequently delays healing. The dynamics of O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx show a positive correlation with cell proliferation at the wound side, with significantly increased proliferation at the peak phase of O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    influx. This study elucidates the spatiotemporal O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    dynamics in both intact and wounded rodent cornea and shows the crucial role of O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    dynamics in regulating cell migration and proliferation through ROS metabolism, ultimately contributing to wound healing. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the micro\u2010optrode in the characterization of spatiotemporal O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    dynamics. Injury\u2010induced changes in O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    metabolism and ROS production modulate O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    dynamics at wound and control cell migration and proliferation, both essential for proper wound healing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202401054r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T11:16:58Z","timestamp":1725621418000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Optical microsensing reveals spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics in cornea wounds that affect healing via reactive oxygen species"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5551-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine University of California  Davis California USA"},{"name":"Skin and Cosmetic Research Department Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5786-8896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine University of California  Davis California USA"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental (CBMA) Universidade do Minho  Braga Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2966-1251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine University of California  Davis California USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Vision Science Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine, University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6647-312X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2500-3035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Vision Science Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Medicine, University of California  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.78.5.401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2015.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09804.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-003-7400-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012513-104651"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.142034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06614-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4123854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"4730","article-title":"Oxygen permeability measurements of contact lenses: a proposal for accuracy improvement","volume":"2013","author":"D'Avenio G","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76343-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Non\u2010invasive approaches to measuring respiratory patterns using a PtTFPP based, phase\u2010lifetime, self\u2010referencing oxygen optrode","volume":"6380","author":"Porterfield DM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Estimation of human corneal oxygen consumption by noninvasive measurement of tear oxygen tension while wearing hydrogel lenses","volume":"43","author":"Bonanno JA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-019-0231-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2900041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"464","article-title":"Epithelial wound closure in the rabbit cornea. 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