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The progression of MASH is closely linked to increased permeability of intestinal mucosal barrier facilitating enter of bacterial components into hepatic portal venous system. B cells are important immune cells for adaptive responses and enhance hepatic inflammation through cytokine production and T cell activation. B cells are influenced by gut microbiota, but the specific B cell populations in MASH and their pathologic mechanism remain obscure. Here, we found that the numbers of B cells highly expressing CXCR5, the receptor of CXCL13 chemokine, were increased in the livers of MASH. CXCR5 high B cells are non\u2010proliferating naive B cells with inflammatory features mainly residing in hepatic parenchyma to affect liver pathology. Importantly, we revealed that CXCR5 high B cells were induced by bacterial components stimulating TLRs. These bacterial stimulator\u2010induced CXCR5\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells highly express TNF\u03b1, CD80, and MHC class II, leading to T cell activation. Consistently, we confirmed that intravenous injection of CXCR5 high B cells enhanced hepatic inflammation in MASH model. Ultimately, this study elucidates the role and mechanisms of CXCR5 high B cells in advancing MASH progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202401256r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T10:39:22Z","timestamp":1736937562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Bacterial components\u2010driven intrahepatic CXCR5\n                    <sup>hi<\/sup>\n                    B cells are important population for MASH progression through inducing inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Nam\u2010Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi\u2010Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4281-9906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon Mee","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon South Korea"},{"name":"Multidimentional Genomics Research Center Kangwon National University  Chuncheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4240-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won\u2010Il","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering KAIST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Institute of 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