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Since antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is available for the regression of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), it does not work for the pathophysiology of AMD so a cure is increasingly demanded. Whale oil promotes various bodily functions, such as anti\u2010inflammatory effects for cardiovascular disease, but its physiological mechanisms are still unclarified. Here, we examined the effects of whale oil on a mouse model of AMD. The area of CNV measured in choroidal flat\u2010mount preparations at 7\u2009days after laser photocoagulation was significantly smaller in mice fed whale oil compared with control mice free of \u03c9\u20103 long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). The plasma concentrations of \u03c9\u20103 LCPUFAs were higher, whereas those of \u03c9\u20106 LCPUFAs were lower in mice fed the diet containing whale oil than in those fed the control diet. The concentrations of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the retina or choroid at 3 or 7\u2009days after CNV induction differed between the two groups of mice. Furthermore, the concentration of VEGF was decreased in the retina but increased in the choroid at 7 or 3\u2009days after photocoagulation, respectively. Our results thus show that dietary intake of whale oil\u2013containing \u03c9\u20103 LCPUFAs attenuated CNV in association with changes in inflammatory mediator levels and VEGF expression in the retina and choroid of mice, and it, therefore, warrants further study as a means to protect against AMD in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202402041r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T11:19:21Z","timestamp":1739359161000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dietary intake of whale oil\u2013containing \u03c9\u20103 long\u2010chain polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuates choroidal neovascularization in mice"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0265-9760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryoji","family":"Yanai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School  Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genta","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cetacean Research  Chuo\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunya","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Honda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine  Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arihiro","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology Institute  Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Miyagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yamaguchi Prefectural Industrial Technology Institute  Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yoshida General Techno Co., Ltd.  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