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However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we employed RNA sequencing analysis to identify differentially expressed protein\u2010coding genes and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles in granulosa cells from women with and without PCOS. It was established that the level of NONHSAT233728.1 was diminished in women with PCOS. The present study demonstrated the role of NONHSAT233728.1 in granulosa cells from patients with PCOS and further investigated the potential mechanism of NONHSAT233728.1 in the KGN cell line. Additionally, the knockdown of NONHSAT233728.1 has been observed to promote cell apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, promote mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. Western blot analyses confirmed that phospho\u2010extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)1\/2 were decreased following lnc\u2010NONHSAT233728.1 knockdown. Consequently, we propose that ROS accumulation activates the endogenous mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, leading to granulosa cell apoptosis via the MEK\/ERK1\/2 pathway, which contributes to follicular atresia. We observed a negative correlation between NONHSAT233728.1 and both LH levels and the LH\/FSH ratio. These findings indicate that lncRNA NONHSAT233728.1 is linked to the pathogenesis of PCOS and offer new insights into its underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202500964r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T03:25:48Z","timestamp":1748402748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long Noncoding\n                    <scp>RNA<\/scp>\n                    NONHSAT233728.1 Promotes\n                    <scp>ROS<\/scp>\n                    Accumulation and Granulosa Cell Apoptosis by Regulating the\n                    <scp>MAPK<\/scp>\n                    \/ERK1\/2 Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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