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Using the GEO dataset, bioinformatics analysis was done. OA candidate genes were obtained and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment, and key pathways were selected for correlation analysis. Unsupervised clustering and single\u2010cell analysis of OA cartilage tissues were carried out. The LASSO model was used to identify key genes, reverse\u2010predict related compounds, and perform molecular docking and dynamics simulation. An OA rat model was constructed for validation. Eight hundred eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in OA. Eleven types of immune cells were differentially expressed, with lower levels in the OA group. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation was a key pathway. The LASSO model identified MPO as a key target. Molecular docking predicts a close binding between RE and MPO. In OA rats, MPO was up\u2010regulated, and RE reduced its expression. Bioinformatics identified the NETs\u2010related gene MPO as a core target in OA. 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This provides a scientific basis for targeting local MPO activity, extending beyond its traditional role in systemic NETs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202504633rr","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:27:40Z","timestamp":1784568460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Myeloperoxidase in Osteoarthritis and Its Potential Modulation by Resveratrol: An Integrated Study"],"prefix":"10.1096","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changchun University of Chinese Medicine  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqi","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songchuan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaozong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Research Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangling","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Regeneration and Translational Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3065-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Research Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Regeneration and Translational Medicine  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology Chongqing University of Chinese Medicine  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520\u2010025\u201003210\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075\u2010025\u201003658\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1612596"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1593859"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Osteoarthritis Is a Serious Disease","volume":"37","author":"Hawker G. 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